"use strict"; const {Fragment: _Fragment, jsx: _jsx, jsxs: _jsxs} = arguments[0]; const {useMDXComponents: _provideComponents} = arguments[0]; function _createMdxContent(props) { const _components = { a: "a", annotation: "annotation", blockquote: "blockquote", code: "code", del: "del", div: "div", h2: "h2", h3: "h3", img: "img", li: "li", math: "math", mn: "mn", mo: "mo", mrow: "mrow", p: "p", path: "path", pre: "pre", semantics: "semantics", span: "span", strong: "strong", svg: "svg", table: "table", tbody: "tbody", td: "td", th: "th", thead: "thead", tr: "tr", ul: "ul", ..._provideComponents(), ...props.components }; return _jsxs(_Fragment, { children: [_jsxs(_components.blockquote, { children: ["\n", _jsxs(_components.p, { children: ["一年多没摸 C 了，因考研需要，粗略复习一下C语言。\n参照教程：", _jsx(_components.a, { href: "https://www.freecodecamp.org/chinese/news/the-c-beginners-handbook/", target: "_blank", rel: "noopener noreferrer", children: "the-c-beginner-handbook" })] }), "\n"] }), "\n", _jsxs(_components.h2, { id: "1-c语言简介", children: [_jsx(_components.a, { className: "heading-link", href: "#1-c语言简介", children: _jsx(_components.svg, { xmlns: "http:www.w3.org/2000/svg", fill: "#ab2b65", viewBox: "0 0 20 20", className: "w-5 h-5", children: _jsx(_components.path, { fillRule: "evenodd", clipRule: "evenodd", d: "M9.493 2.853a.75.75 0 00-1.486-.205L7.545 6H4.198a.75.75 0 000 1.5h3.14l-.69 5H3.302a.75.75 0 000 1.5h3.14l-.435 3.148a.75.75 0 001.486.205L7.955 14h2.986l-.434 3.148a.75.75 0 001.486.205L12.456 14h3.346a.75.75 0 000-1.5h-3.14l.69-5h3.346a.75.75 0 000-1.5h-3.14l.435-3.147a.75.75 0 00-1.486-.205L12.045 6H9.059l.434-3.147zM8.852 7.5l-.69 5h2.986l.69-5H8.852z" }) }) }), "1. C语言简介"] }), "\n", _jsx(_components.p, { children: "第一个程序，" }), "\n", _jsx(_components.pre, { className: "language-c", children: _jsxs(_components.code, { className: "language-c code-highlight", children: [_jsxs(_components.span, { className: "code-line", children: [_jsxs(_components.span, { className: "token macro property", children: [_jsx(_components.span, { className: "token directive-hash", children: "#" }), _jsx(_components.span, { className: "token directive keyword", children: "include" }), " ", _jsx(_components.span, { className: "token string", children: "" })] }), "\n"] }), _jsxs(_components.span, { className: "code-line", children: [_jsx(_components.span, { className: "token keyword", children: "int" }), " ", _jsx(_components.span, { className: "token function", children: "main" }), _jsx(_components.span, { className: "token punctuation", children: "(" }), _jsx(_components.span, { className: "token keyword", children: "void" }), _jsx(_components.span, { className: "token punctuation", children: ")" }), " ", _jsx(_components.span, { className: "token punctuation", children: "{" }), "\n"] }), _jsxs(_components.span, { className: "code-line", children: [" ", _jsx(_components.span, { className: "token function", children: "printf" }), _jsx(_components.span, { className: "token punctuation", children: "(" }), _jsx(_components.span, { className: "token string", children: "\"Hello, World\"" }), _jsx(_components.span, { className: "token punctuation", children: ")" }), _jsx(_components.span, { className: "token punctuation", children: ";" }), "\n"] }), _jsxs(_components.span, { className: "code-line", children: [_jsx(_components.span, { className: "token punctuation", children: "}" }), "\n"] })] }) }), "\n", _jsx(_components.p, { children: "在这段代码中，" }), "\n", _jsxs(_components.ul, { children: ["\n", _jsxs(_components.li, { children: [_jsx(_components.code, { className: "language-auto", children: "#include " }), " 表示导入了 ", _jsx(_components.code, { className: "language-auto", children: "stdio" }), " 库（标准输入/输出库）。"] }), "\n", _jsxs(_components.li, { children: [_jsx(_components.code, { className: "language-auto", children: "printf" }), " 函数由 ", _jsx(_components.code, { className: "language-auto", children: "stdio" }), " 提供。"] }), "\n", _jsxs(_components.li, { children: ["在 ", _jsx(_components.code, { className: "language-auto", children: "stdio" }), " 的某个地方，", _jsx(_components.code, { className: "language-auto", children: "printf" }), " 被定义成：", _jsx(_components.code, { className: "language-auto", children: "int printf(const char *format, ...);" }), "。"] }), "\n"] }), "\n", _jsx(_components.p, { children: "如何执行这段程序？好吧，任何mac和linux设备都自带了C编译器，windows除外。" }), "\n", _jsxs(_components.p, { children: ["在终端访问 ", _jsx(_components.code, { className: "language-auto", children: "gcc" }), " 命令看看有没有它。"] }), "\n", _jsxs(_components.p, { children: ["对于 ", _jsx(_components.code, { className: "language-auto", children: "hello.c" }), " 这个程序，我们可以这样编译它："] }), "\n", _jsx(_components.pre, { className: "language-shell", children: _jsx(_components.code, { className: "language-shell code-highlight", children: _jsxs(_components.span, { className: "code-line", children: ["gcc hello.c ", _jsx(_components.span, { className: "token parameter variable", children: "-o" }), " hello\n"] }) }) }), "\n", _jsxs(_components.blockquote, { children: ["\n", _jsx(_components.p, { children: "顺便一提，从大一到大三这个命令我学过好多次，但因为缺少练习，我最终还是会忘记它。所以，emmm，由于效率问题，我依然会选择使用VS插件来直接运行一个C语言程序。然后再次忘记这段指令。" }), "\n"] }), "\n", _jsxs(_components.p, { children: ["完成后文件夹肯定出现了一个 ", _jsx(_components.code, { className: "language-auto", children: "hello" }), " 文件，用 ", _jsx(_components.code, { className: "language-auto", children: "hello" }), " 运行它。"] }), "\n", _jsx(_components.img, { src: "https://ccccooh.oss-cn-hangzhou.aliyuncs.com/img/202512071854959.png", alt: "image.png", className: "internal" }), "\n", _jsx(_components.p, { children: "我们用命令看看他的大小：" }), "\n", _jsx(_components.img, { src: "https://ccccooh.oss-cn-hangzhou.aliyuncs.com/img/202512071855978.png", alt: "image.png", className: "internal" }), "\n", _jsx(_components.p, { children: "这大概是3kb，很小对吧，因为C是高度优化的。" }), "\n", _jsxs(_components.h2, { id: "2-变量与类型", children: [_jsx(_components.a, { className: "heading-link", href: "#2-变量与类型", children: _jsx(_components.svg, { xmlns: "http:www.w3.org/2000/svg", fill: "#ab2b65", viewBox: "0 0 20 20", className: "w-5 h-5", children: _jsx(_components.path, { fillRule: "evenodd", clipRule: "evenodd", d: "M9.493 2.853a.75.75 0 00-1.486-.205L7.545 6H4.198a.75.75 0 000 1.5h3.14l-.69 5H3.302a.75.75 0 000 1.5h3.14l-.435 3.148a.75.75 0 001.486.205L7.955 14h2.986l-.434 3.148a.75.75 0 001.486.205L12.456 14h3.346a.75.75 0 000-1.5h-3.14l.69-5h3.346a.75.75 0 000-1.5h-3.14l.435-3.147a.75.75 0 00-1.486-.205L12.045 6H9.059l.434-3.147zM8.852 7.5l-.69 5h2.986l.69-5H8.852z" }) }) }), "2. 变量与类型"] }), "\n", _jsx(_components.p, { children: "C是一门静态类型语言。" }), "\n", _jsxs(_components.p, { children: ["比如，初始化一个 ", _jsx(_components.code, { className: "language-auto", children: "int" }), " 类型的变量："] }), "\n", _jsx(_components.pre, { className: "language-c", children: _jsxs(_components.code, { className: "language-c code-highlight", children: [_jsxs(_components.span, { className: "code-line", children: [_jsx(_components.span, { className: "token keyword", children: "int" }), " age", _jsx(_components.span, { className: "token punctuation", children: ";" }), "\n"] }), _jsxs(_components.span, { className: "code-line", children: [_jsx(_components.span, { className: "token comment", children: "// 或者" }), "\n"] }), _jsxs(_components.span, { className: "code-line", children: [_jsx(_components.span, { className: "token keyword", children: "int" }), " age ", _jsx(_components.span, { className: "token operator", children: "=" }), " ", _jsx(_components.span, { className: "token number", children: "37" }), _jsx(_components.span, { className: "token punctuation", children: ";" }), "\n"] })] }) }), "\n", _jsx(_components.p, { children: "然后访问它：" }), "\n", _jsx(_components.pre, { className: "language-c", children: _jsxs(_components.code, { className: "language-c code-highlight", children: [_jsxs(_components.span, { className: "code-line", children: [_jsxs(_components.span, { className: "token macro property", children: [_jsx(_components.span, { className: "token directive-hash", children: "#" }), _jsx(_components.span, { className: "token directive keyword", children: "include" }), " ", _jsx(_components.span, { className: "token string", children: "" })] }), "\n"] }), _jsxs(_components.span, { className: "code-line", children: [_jsx(_components.span, { className: "token keyword", children: "int" }), " age ", _jsx(_components.span, { className: "token operator", children: "=" }), " ", _jsx(_components.span, { className: "token number", children: "3" }), _jsx(_components.span, { className: "token punctuation", children: ";" }), "\n"] }), _jsxs(_components.span, { className: "code-line", children: [_jsx(_components.span, { className: "token keyword", children: "int" }), " ", _jsx(_components.span, { className: "token function", children: "main" }), _jsx(_components.span, { className: "token punctuation", children: "(" }), _jsx(_components.span, { className: "token keyword", children: "void" }), _jsx(_components.span, { className: "token punctuation", children: ")" }), " ", _jsx(_components.span, { className: "token punctuation", children: "{" }), "\n"] }), _jsxs(_components.span, { className: "code-line", children: [" ", _jsx(_components.span, { className: "token function", children: "printf" }), _jsx(_components.span, { className: "token punctuation", children: "(" }), _jsx(_components.span, { className: "token string", children: "\"%d\"" }), _jsx(_components.span, { className: "token punctuation", children: "," }), " age", _jsx(_components.span, { className: "token punctuation", children: ")" }), _jsx(_components.span, { className: "token punctuation", children: ";" }), "\n"] }), _jsxs(_components.span, { className: "code-line", children: [_jsx(_components.span, { className: "token punctuation", children: "}" }), "\n"] })] }) }), "\n", _jsxs(_components.blockquote, { children: ["\n", _jsx(_components.p, { children: "顺便再一提，这些经常使用的代码我还是记得的。但为了避免下次再浪费时间在这种对语法的纠结上，我决定整体过一遍。" }), "\n"] }), "\n", _jsxs(_components.h3, { id: "21-整数", children: [_jsx(_components.a, { className: "heading-link", href: "#21-整数", children: _jsx(_components.svg, { xmlns: "http:www.w3.org/2000/svg", fill: "#ab2b65", viewBox: "0 0 20 20", className: "w-5 h-5", children: _jsx(_components.path, { fillRule: "evenodd", clipRule: "evenodd", d: "M9.493 2.853a.75.75 0 00-1.486-.205L7.545 6H4.198a.75.75 0 000 1.5h3.14l-.69 5H3.302a.75.75 0 000 1.5h3.14l-.435 3.148a.75.75 0 001.486.205L7.955 14h2.986l-.434 3.148a.75.75 0 001.486.205L12.456 14h3.346a.75.75 0 000-1.5h-3.14l.69-5h3.346a.75.75 0 000-1.5h-3.14l.435-3.147a.75.75 0 00-1.486-.205L12.045 6H9.059l.434-3.147zM8.852 7.5l-.69 5h2.986l.69-5H8.852z" }) }) }), "2.1 整数"] }), "\n", _jsx(_components.p, { children: "这些都是C语言中的整数类型：" }), "\n", _jsxs(_components.ul, { children: ["\n", _jsx(_components.li, { children: _jsx(_components.code, { className: "language-auto", children: "char" }) }), "\n", _jsx(_components.li, { children: _jsx(_components.code, { className: "language-auto", children: "int" }) }), "\n", _jsx(_components.li, { children: _jsx(_components.code, { className: "language-auto", children: "short" }) }), "\n", _jsx(_components.li, { children: _jsx(_components.code, { className: "language-auto", children: "long" }) }), "\n"] }), "\n", _jsxs(_components.p, { children: ["特别注意到 ", _jsx(_components.code, { className: "language-auto", children: "char" }), "，它保存的实际上只是字符的ASCII码，它也可以用于保存 ", _jsx(_components.code, { className: "language-auto", children: "-128" }), " ～ ", _jsx(_components.code, { className: "language-auto", children: "127" }), " 之间的小整数，它至少占据一个字节那么大。"] }), "\n", _jsxs(_components.h3, { id: "22-无符号整数", children: [_jsx(_components.a, { className: "heading-link", href: "#22-无符号整数", children: _jsx(_components.svg, { xmlns: "http:www.w3.org/2000/svg", fill: "#ab2b65", viewBox: "0 0 20 20", className: "w-5 h-5", children: _jsx(_components.path, { fillRule: "evenodd", clipRule: "evenodd", d: "M9.493 2.853a.75.75 0 00-1.486-.205L7.545 6H4.198a.75.75 0 000 1.5h3.14l-.69 5H3.302a.75.75 0 000 1.5h3.14l-.435 3.148a.75.75 0 001.486.205L7.955 14h2.986l-.434 3.148a.75.75 0 001.486.205L12.456 14h3.346a.75.75 0 000-1.5h-3.14l.69-5h3.346a.75.75 0 000-1.5h-3.14l.435-3.147a.75.75 0 00-1.486-.205L12.045 6H9.059l.434-3.147zM8.852 7.5l-.69 5h2.986l.69-5H8.852z" }) }) }), "2.2 无符号整数"] }), "\n", _jsxs(_components.p, { children: ["对于所有的数据类型都可以在前面追加上一个：", _jsx(_components.code, { className: "language-auto", children: "unsigned" }), "。"] }), "\n", _jsx(_components.p, { children: "这样，值的范围不是从负数开始，而是从0开始。" }), "\n", _jsxs(_components.ul, { children: ["\n", _jsxs(_components.li, { children: [_jsx(_components.code, { className: "language-auto", children: "unsigned char" }), " 的范围从 ", _jsx(_components.code, { className: "language-auto", children: "0" }), " 开始，至少到 ", _jsx(_components.code, { className: "language-auto", children: "255" }), "；"] }), "\n", _jsxs(_components.li, { children: [_jsx(_components.code, { className: "language-auto", children: "unsigned int" }), " 的方位从 ", _jsx(_components.code, { className: "language-auto", children: "0" }), " 开始，至少到 ", _jsx(_components.code, { className: "language-auto", children: "65,535" }), "；"] }), "\n", _jsxs(_components.li, { children: [_jsx(_components.code, { className: "language-auto", children: "unsigned short" }), " 的范围从 ", _jsx(_components.code, { className: "language-auto", children: "0" }), " 开始，至少到 ", _jsx(_components.code, { className: "language-auto", children: "65,535" })] }), "\n", _jsxs(_components.li, { children: [_jsx(_components.code, { className: "language-auto", children: "unsigned long" }), " 的范围从 ", _jsx(_components.code, { className: "language-auto", children: "0" }), " 开始，至少到 ", _jsx(_components.code, { className: "language-auto", children: "4,294,967,295" })] }), "\n"] }), "\n", _jsxs(_components.h3, { id: "23-溢出的问题", children: [_jsx(_components.a, { className: "heading-link", href: "#23-溢出的问题", children: _jsx(_components.svg, { xmlns: "http:www.w3.org/2000/svg", fill: "#ab2b65", viewBox: "0 0 20 20", className: "w-5 h-5", children: _jsx(_components.path, { fillRule: "evenodd", clipRule: "evenodd", d: "M9.493 2.853a.75.75 0 00-1.486-.205L7.545 6H4.198a.75.75 0 000 1.5h3.14l-.69 5H3.302a.75.75 0 000 1.5h3.14l-.435 3.148a.75.75 0 001.486.205L7.955 14h2.986l-.434 3.148a.75.75 0 001.486.205L12.456 14h3.346a.75.75 0 000-1.5h-3.14l.69-5h3.346a.75.75 0 000-1.5h-3.14l.435-3.147a.75.75 0 00-1.486-.205L12.045 6H9.059l.434-3.147zM8.852 7.5l-.69 5h2.986l.69-5H8.852z" }) }) }), "2.3 溢出的问题"] }), "\n", _jsx(_components.p, { children: "鉴于这一类范围的限制，我们就需要考虑一个问题：溢出了怎么办？如果保证数字不超过限制？" }), "\n", _jsxs(_components.p, { children: ["如果你有一个值为 255 的 ", _jsx(_components.code, { className: "language-auto", children: "unsigned int" }), "，自增返回的值为256，这在意料之中。\n如果你有一个值为255的 ", _jsx(_components.code, { className: "language-auto", children: "unsigned char" }), "，自增后得到的结果就是0。它被重置了！\n如果你有一个值为255的 ", _jsx(_components.code, { className: "language-auto", children: "unsigned char" }), "，给他加上10就会得到数字9；"] }), "\n", _jsx(_components.pre, { className: "language-c", children: _jsxs(_components.code, { className: "language-c code-highlight", children: [_jsxs(_components.span, { className: "code-line", children: [_jsxs(_components.span, { className: "token macro property", children: [_jsx(_components.span, { className: "token directive-hash", children: "#" }), _jsx(_components.span, { className: "token directive keyword", children: "include" }), " ", _jsx(_components.span, { className: "token string", children: "" })] }), "\n"] }), _jsxs(_components.span, { className: "code-line", children: [_jsx(_components.span, { className: "token keyword", children: "unsigned" }), " ", _jsx(_components.span, { className: "token keyword", children: "char" }), " a ", _jsx(_components.span, { className: "token operator", children: "=" }), " ", _jsx(_components.span, { className: "token number", children: "255" }), _jsx(_components.span, { className: "token punctuation", children: ";" }), "\n"] }), _jsxs(_components.span, { className: "code-line", children: [_jsx(_components.span, { className: "token keyword", children: "int" }), " ", _jsx(_components.span, { className: "token function", children: "main" }), _jsx(_components.span, { className: "token punctuation", children: "(" }), _jsx(_components.span, { className: "token keyword", children: "void" }), _jsx(_components.span, { className: "token punctuation", children: ")" }), " ", _jsx(_components.span, { className: "token punctuation", children: "{" }), "\n"] }), _jsxs(_components.span, { className: "code-line", children: [" ", _jsx(_components.span, { className: "token keyword", children: "unsigned" }), " ", _jsx(_components.span, { className: "token keyword", children: "char" }), " a1 ", _jsx(_components.span, { className: "token operator", children: "=" }), " a ", _jsx(_components.span, { className: "token operator", children: "+" }), " ", _jsx(_components.span, { className: "token number", children: "1" }), _jsx(_components.span, { className: "token punctuation", children: ";" }), "\n"] }), _jsxs(_components.span, { className: "code-line", children: [" ", _jsx(_components.span, { className: "token keyword", children: "unsigned" }), " ", _jsx(_components.span, { className: "token keyword", children: "char" }), " a2 ", _jsx(_components.span, { className: "token operator", children: "=" }), " a ", _jsx(_components.span, { className: "token operator", children: "+" }), " ", _jsx(_components.span, { className: "token number", children: "10" }), _jsx(_components.span, { className: "token punctuation", children: ";" }), "\n"] }), _jsxs(_components.span, { className: "code-line", children: [" ", _jsx(_components.span, { className: "token function", children: "printf" }), _jsx(_components.span, { className: "token punctuation", children: "(" }), _jsx(_components.span, { className: "token string", children: "\"%d\\n\"" }), _jsx(_components.span, { className: "token punctuation", children: "," }), " a1", _jsx(_components.span, { className: "token punctuation", children: ")" }), _jsx(_components.span, { className: "token punctuation", children: ";" }), " ", _jsx(_components.span, { className: "token comment", children: "// 输出结果为 0 " }), "\n"] }), _jsxs(_components.span, { className: "code-line", children: [" ", _jsx(_components.span, { className: "token function", children: "printf" }), _jsx(_components.span, { className: "token punctuation", children: "(" }), _jsx(_components.span, { className: "token string", children: "\"%d\"" }), _jsx(_components.span, { className: "token punctuation", children: "," }), " a2", _jsx(_components.span, { className: "token punctuation", children: ")" }), _jsx(_components.span, { className: "token punctuation", children: ";" }), " ", _jsx(_components.span, { className: "token comment", children: "// 输出结果为 9" }), "\n"] }), _jsxs(_components.span, { className: "code-line", children: [_jsx(_components.span, { className: "token punctuation", children: "}" }), "\n"] })] }) }), "\n", _jsx(_components.p, { children: "如果你的值是有符号的，程序就会给你一个很大的数。并且，这个值往往是未知的，得看电脑的心情。" }), "\n", _jsxs(_components.p, { children: ["还记得吗，", _jsx(_components.code, { className: "language-auto", children: "char" }), " 的范围是 ", _jsx(_components.code, { className: "language-auto", children: "-128~127" }), "，如果我们试图让他超过127就会…"] }), "\n", _jsx(_components.pre, { className: "language-c", children: _jsxs(_components.code, { className: "language-c code-highlight", children: [_jsxs(_components.span, { className: "code-line", children: [_jsxs(_components.span, { className: "token macro property", children: [_jsx(_components.span, { className: "token directive-hash", children: "#" }), _jsx(_components.span, { className: "token directive keyword", children: "include" }), " ", _jsx(_components.span, { className: "token string", children: "" })] }), "\n"] }), _jsxs(_components.span, { className: "code-line", children: [_jsx(_components.span, { className: "token keyword", children: "int" }), " ", _jsx(_components.span, { className: "token function", children: "main" }), _jsx(_components.span, { className: "token punctuation", children: "(" }), _jsx(_components.span, { className: "token keyword", children: "void" }), _jsx(_components.span, { className: "token punctuation", children: ")" }), " ", _jsx(_components.span, { className: "token punctuation", children: "{" }), "\n"] }), _jsxs(_components.span, { className: "code-line", children: [" ", _jsx(_components.span, { className: "token keyword", children: "char" }), " boom ", _jsx(_components.span, { className: "token operator", children: "=" }), " ", _jsx(_components.span, { className: "token number", children: "127" }), _jsx(_components.span, { className: "token punctuation", children: ";" }), "\n"] }), _jsxs(_components.span, { className: "code-line", children: [" boom ", _jsx(_components.span, { className: "token operator", children: "=" }), " boom ", _jsx(_components.span, { className: "token operator", children: "+" }), " ", _jsx(_components.span, { className: "token number", children: "10" }), _jsx(_components.span, { className: "token punctuation", children: ";" }), "\n"] }), _jsxs(_components.span, { className: "code-line", children: [" ", _jsx(_components.span, { className: "token function", children: "printf" }), _jsx(_components.span, { className: "token punctuation", children: "(" }), _jsx(_components.span, { className: "token string", children: "\"%d\\n\"" }), _jsx(_components.span, { className: "token punctuation", children: "," }), " boom", _jsx(_components.span, { className: "token punctuation", children: ")" }), _jsx(_components.span, { className: "token punctuation", children: ";" }), " ", _jsx(_components.span, { className: "token comment", children: "// 我的mac得到了 -119" }), "\n"] }), _jsxs(_components.span, { className: "code-line", children: [_jsx(_components.span, { className: "token punctuation", children: "}" }), "\n"] })] }) }), "\n", _jsx(_components.p, { children: "C是一个中立派，它并不会提醒你有这种错误。" }), "\n", _jsxs(_components.h3, { id: "24-声明错误类型的警告", children: [_jsx(_components.a, { className: "heading-link", href: "#24-声明错误类型的警告", children: _jsx(_components.svg, { xmlns: "http:www.w3.org/2000/svg", fill: "#ab2b65", viewBox: "0 0 20 20", className: "w-5 h-5", children: _jsx(_components.path, { fillRule: "evenodd", clipRule: "evenodd", d: "M9.493 2.853a.75.75 0 00-1.486-.205L7.545 6H4.198a.75.75 0 000 1.5h3.14l-.69 5H3.302a.75.75 0 000 1.5h3.14l-.435 3.148a.75.75 0 001.486.205L7.955 14h2.986l-.434 3.148a.75.75 0 001.486.205L12.456 14h3.346a.75.75 0 000-1.5h-3.14l.69-5h3.346a.75.75 0 000-1.5h-3.14l.435-3.147a.75.75 0 00-1.486-.205L12.045 6H9.059l.434-3.147zM8.852 7.5l-.69 5h2.986l.69-5H8.852z" }) }) }), "2.4 声明错误类型的警告"] }), "\n", _jsx(_components.p, { children: "只有在申明一个变量的时候，gcc才会提醒你有错误：" }), "\n", _jsx(_components.pre, { className: "language-c", children: _jsxs(_components.code, { className: "language-c code-highlight", children: [_jsxs(_components.span, { className: "code-line", children: [_jsxs(_components.span, { className: "token macro property", children: [_jsx(_components.span, { className: "token directive-hash", children: "#" }), _jsx(_components.span, { className: "token directive keyword", children: "include" }), " ", _jsx(_components.span, { className: "token string", children: "" })] }), "\n"] }), _jsxs(_components.span, { className: "code-line", children: [_jsx(_components.span, { className: "token keyword", children: "int" }), " ", _jsx(_components.span, { className: "token function", children: "main" }), _jsx(_components.span, { className: "token punctuation", children: "(" }), _jsx(_components.span, { className: "token keyword", children: "void" }), _jsx(_components.span, { className: "token punctuation", children: ")" }), " ", _jsx(_components.span, { className: "token punctuation", children: "{" }), "\n"] }), _jsxs(_components.span, { className: "code-line", children: [" ", _jsx(_components.span, { className: "token keyword", children: "char" }), " boom ", _jsx(_components.span, { className: "token operator", children: "=" }), " ", _jsx(_components.span, { className: "token number", children: "1270" }), _jsx(_components.span, { className: "token punctuation", children: ";" }), "\n"] }), _jsxs(_components.span, { className: "code-line", children: [_jsx(_components.span, { className: "token punctuation", children: "}" }), "\n"] })] }) }), "\n", _jsx(_components.img, { src: "https://ccccooh.oss-cn-hangzhou.aliyuncs.com/img/202512071921295.png", alt: "image.png", className: "internal" }), "\n", _jsx(_components.p, { children: "如果你直接赋值，也会有警告：" }), "\n", _jsx(_components.pre, { className: "language-c", children: _jsxs(_components.code, { className: "language-c code-highlight", children: [_jsxs(_components.span, { className: "code-line", children: [_jsxs(_components.span, { className: "token macro property", children: [_jsx(_components.span, { className: "token directive-hash", children: "#" }), _jsx(_components.span, { className: "token directive keyword", children: "include" }), " ", _jsx(_components.span, { className: "token string", children: "" })] }), "\n"] }), _jsxs(_components.span, { className: "code-line", children: [_jsx(_components.span, { className: "token keyword", children: "int" }), " ", _jsx(_components.span, { className: "token function", children: "main" }), _jsx(_components.span, { className: "token punctuation", children: "(" }), _jsx(_components.span, { className: "token keyword", children: "void" }), _jsx(_components.span, { className: "token punctuation", children: ")" }), " ", _jsx(_components.span, { className: "token punctuation", children: "{" }), "\n"] }), _jsxs(_components.span, { className: "code-line", children: [" ", _jsx(_components.span, { className: "token keyword", children: "char" }), " boom", _jsx(_components.span, { className: "token punctuation", children: ";" }), "\n"] }), _jsxs(_components.span, { className: "code-line", children: [" boom ", _jsx(_components.span, { className: "token operator", children: "=" }), " ", _jsx(_components.span, { className: "token number", children: "114514" }), _jsx(_components.span, { className: "token punctuation", children: ";" }), "\n"] }), _jsxs(_components.span, { className: "code-line", children: [_jsx(_components.span, { className: "token punctuation", children: "}" }), "\n"] })] }) }), "\n", _jsx(_components.img, { src: "https://ccccooh.oss-cn-hangzhou.aliyuncs.com/img/202512071922141.png", alt: "image.png", className: "internal" }), "\n", _jsxs(_components.h3, { id: "25-浮点数", children: [_jsx(_components.a, { className: "heading-link", href: "#25-浮点数", children: _jsx(_components.svg, { xmlns: "http:www.w3.org/2000/svg", fill: "#ab2b65", viewBox: "0 0 20 20", className: "w-5 h-5", children: _jsx(_components.path, { fillRule: "evenodd", clipRule: "evenodd", d: "M9.493 2.853a.75.75 0 00-1.486-.205L7.545 6H4.198a.75.75 0 000 1.5h3.14l-.69 5H3.302a.75.75 0 000 1.5h3.14l-.435 3.148a.75.75 0 001.486.205L7.955 14h2.986l-.434 3.148a.75.75 0 001.486.205L12.456 14h3.346a.75.75 0 000-1.5h-3.14l.69-5h3.346a.75.75 0 000-1.5h-3.14l.435-3.147a.75.75 0 00-1.486-.205L12.045 6H9.059l.434-3.147zM8.852 7.5l-.69 5h2.986l.69-5H8.852z" }) }) }), "2.5 浮点数"] }), "\n", _jsxs(_components.p, { children: ["浮点类型可以表示的范围要比整型大得多（", _jsx(_components.del, { children: "说点大家不知道的" }), "），还可以表示小数。"] }), "\n", _jsx(_components.p, { children: "浮点数可以被写成：" }), "\n", _jsxs(_components.ul, { children: ["\n", _jsx(_components.li, { children: _jsx(_components.code, { className: "language-auto", children: "1.29e-3" }) }), "\n", _jsx(_components.li, { children: _jsx(_components.code, { className: "language-auto", children: "-2.3e+5" }) }), "\n"] }), "\n", _jsx(_components.p, { children: "和一些其他的形式。" }), "\n", _jsx(_components.p, { children: "下面这几种类型：" }), "\n", _jsxs(_components.ul, { children: ["\n", _jsx(_components.li, { children: _jsx(_components.code, { className: "language-auto", children: "float" }) }), "\n", _jsx(_components.li, { children: _jsx(_components.code, { className: "language-auto", children: "double" }) }), "\n", _jsx(_components.li, { children: _jsx(_components.code, { className: "language-auto", children: "long double" }) }), "\n"] }), "\n", _jsxs(_components.p, { children: ["任何C的实现都必须满足的最小要求是 ", _jsx(_components.code, { className: "language-auto", children: "float" }), " 可以表示的范围在10^-37到10^+37之间的数，通常用32位比特实现，也就是四个字节（", _jsxs(_components.span, { className: "katex", children: [_jsx(_components.span, { className: "katex-mathml", children: _jsx(_components.math, { xmlns: "http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML", children: _jsxs(_components.semantics, { children: [_jsxs(_components.mrow, { children: [_jsx(_components.mn, { children: "4" }), _jsx(_components.mo, { children: "×" }), _jsx(_components.mn, { children: "8" })] }), _jsx(_components.annotation, { encoding: "application/x-tex", children: "4\\times8" })] }) }) }), _jsxs(_components.span, { className: "katex-html", "aria-hidden": "true", children: [_jsxs(_components.span, { className: "base", children: [_jsx(_components.span, { className: "strut", style: { height: "0.7278em", verticalAlign: "-0.0833em" } }), _jsx(_components.span, { className: "mord", children: "4" }), _jsx(_components.span, { className: "mspace", style: { marginRight: "0.2222em" } }), _jsx(_components.span, { className: "mbin", children: "×" }), _jsx(_components.span, { className: "mspace", style: { marginRight: "0.2222em" } })] }), _jsxs(_components.span, { className: "base", children: [_jsx(_components.span, { className: "strut", style: { height: "0.6444em" } }), _jsx(_components.span, { className: "mord", children: "8" })] })] })] }), "）。", _jsx(_components.code, { className: "language-auto", children: "double" }), " 可以表示一组更大范围的数，", _jsx(_components.code, { className: "language-auto", children: "long double" }), " 可以保存的更多。"] }), "\n", _jsx(_components.p, { children: "与整数一样，浮点数的确切值取决于具体实现。" }), "\n", _jsx(_components.p, { children: "问题的关键在于如何确定自己机器上这些类型的大小，在我的系统上（我也是一台现代 Mac），输出如下：" }), "\n", _jsx(_components.pre, { className: "language-c", children: _jsxs(_components.code, { className: "language-c code-highlight", children: [_jsxs(_components.span, { className: "code-line", children: [_jsxs(_components.span, { className: "token macro property", children: [_jsx(_components.span, { className: "token directive-hash", children: "#" }), _jsx(_components.span, { className: "token directive keyword", children: "include" }), " ", _jsx(_components.span, { className: "token string", children: "" })] }), "\n"] }), _jsxs(_components.span, { className: "code-line", children: [_jsx(_components.span, { className: "token keyword", children: "int" }), " ", _jsx(_components.span, { className: "token function", children: "main" }), _jsx(_components.span, { className: "token punctuation", children: "(" }), _jsx(_components.span, { className: "token keyword", children: "void" }), _jsx(_components.span, { className: "token punctuation", children: ")" }), " ", _jsx(_components.span, { className: "token punctuation", children: "{" }), "\n"] }), _jsxs(_components.span, { className: "code-line", children: [" ", _jsx(_components.span, { className: "token function", children: "printf" }), _jsx(_components.span, { className: "token punctuation", children: "(" }), _jsx(_components.span, { className: "token string", children: "\"char %lu bytes\\n\"" }), _jsx(_components.span, { className: "token punctuation", children: "," }), " ", _jsx(_components.span, { className: "token keyword", children: "sizeof" }), _jsx(_components.span, { className: "token punctuation", children: "(" }), _jsx(_components.span, { className: "token keyword", children: "char" }), _jsx(_components.span, { className: "token punctuation", children: ")" }), _jsx(_components.span, { className: "token punctuation", children: ")" }), _jsx(_components.span, { className: "token punctuation", children: ";" }), " ", _jsx(_components.span, { className: "token comment", children: "// char 1 bytes" }), "\n"] }), _jsxs(_components.span, { className: "code-line", children: [" ", _jsx(_components.span, { className: "token function", children: "printf" }), _jsx(_components.span, { className: "token punctuation", children: "(" }), _jsx(_components.span, { className: "token string", children: "\"int %lu bytes\\n\"" }), _jsx(_components.span, { className: "token punctuation", children: "," }), " ", _jsx(_components.span, { className: "token keyword", children: "sizeof" }), _jsx(_components.span, { className: "token punctuation", children: "(" }), _jsx(_components.span, { className: "token keyword", children: "int" }), _jsx(_components.span, { className: "token punctuation", children: ")" }), _jsx(_components.span, { className: "token punctuation", children: ")" }), _jsx(_components.span, { className: "token punctuation", children: ";" }), " ", _jsx(_components.span, { className: "token comment", children: "// int 4 bytes" }), "\n"] }), _jsxs(_components.span, { className: "code-line", children: [" ", _jsx(_components.span, { className: "token function", children: "printf" }), _jsx(_components.span, { className: "token punctuation", children: "(" }), _jsx(_components.span, { className: "token string", children: "\"short %lu bytes\\n\"" }), _jsx(_components.span, { className: "token punctuation", children: "," }), " ", _jsx(_components.span, { className: "token keyword", children: "sizeof" }), _jsx(_components.span, { className: "token punctuation", children: "(" }), _jsx(_components.span, { className: "token keyword", children: "short" }), _jsx(_components.span, { className: "token punctuation", children: ")" }), _jsx(_components.span, { className: "token punctuation", children: ")" }), _jsx(_components.span, { className: "token punctuation", children: ";" }), " ", _jsx(_components.span, { className: "token comment", children: "// short 2 bytes" }), "\n"] }), _jsxs(_components.span, { className: "code-line", children: [" ", _jsx(_components.span, { className: "token function", children: "printf" }), _jsx(_components.span, { className: "token punctuation", children: "(" }), _jsx(_components.span, { className: "token string", children: "\"long %lu bytes\\n\"" }), _jsx(_components.span, { className: "token punctuation", children: "," }), " ", _jsx(_components.span, { className: "token keyword", children: "sizeof" }), _jsx(_components.span, { className: "token punctuation", children: "(" }), _jsx(_components.span, { className: "token keyword", children: "long" }), _jsx(_components.span, { className: "token punctuation", children: ")" }), _jsx(_components.span, { className: "token punctuation", children: ")" }), _jsx(_components.span, { className: "token punctuation", children: ";" }), " ", _jsx(_components.span, { className: "token comment", children: "// long 8 bytes" }), "\n"] }), _jsxs(_components.span, { className: "code-line", children: [" ", _jsx(_components.span, { className: "token function", children: "printf" }), _jsx(_components.span, { className: "token punctuation", children: "(" }), _jsx(_components.span, { className: "token string", children: "\"float %lu bytes\\n\"" }), _jsx(_components.span, { className: "token punctuation", children: "," }), " ", _jsx(_components.span, { className: "token keyword", children: "sizeof" }), _jsx(_components.span, { className: "token punctuation", children: "(" }), _jsx(_components.span, { className: "token keyword", children: "float" }), _jsx(_components.span, { className: "token punctuation", children: ")" }), _jsx(_components.span, { className: "token punctuation", children: ")" }), _jsx(_components.span, { className: "token punctuation", children: ";" }), " ", _jsx(_components.span, { className: "token comment", children: "// float 4 bytes" }), "\n"] }), _jsxs(_components.span, { className: "code-line", children: [" ", _jsx(_components.span, { className: "token function", children: "printf" }), _jsx(_components.span, { className: "token punctuation", children: "(" }), _jsx(_components.span, { className: "token string", children: "\"double %lu bytes\\n\"" }), _jsx(_components.span, { className: "token punctuation", children: "," }), " ", _jsx(_components.span, { className: "token keyword", children: "sizeof" }), _jsx(_components.span, { className: "token punctuation", children: "(" }), _jsx(_components.span, { className: "token keyword", children: "double" }), _jsx(_components.span, { className: "token punctuation", children: ")" }), _jsx(_components.span, { className: "token punctuation", children: ")" }), _jsx(_components.span, { className: "token punctuation", children: ";" }), " ", _jsx(_components.span, { className: "token comment", children: "// double 8 bytes" }), "\n"] }), _jsxs(_components.span, { className: "code-line", children: [" ", _jsx(_components.span, { className: "token function", children: "printf" }), _jsx(_components.span, { className: "token punctuation", children: "(" }), _jsx(_components.span, { className: "token string", children: "\"long double %lu bytes\\n\"" }), _jsx(_components.span, { className: "token punctuation", children: "," }), " ", _jsx(_components.span, { className: "token keyword", children: "sizeof" }), _jsx(_components.span, { className: "token punctuation", children: "(" }), _jsx(_components.span, { className: "token keyword", children: "long" }), " ", _jsx(_components.span, { className: "token keyword", children: "double" }), _jsx(_components.span, { className: "token punctuation", children: ")" }), _jsx(_components.span, { className: "token punctuation", children: ")" }), _jsx(_components.span, { className: "token punctuation", children: ";" }), " ", _jsx(_components.span, { className: "token comment", children: "// long double 8 bytes" }), "\n"] }), _jsxs(_components.span, { className: "code-line", children: [_jsx(_components.span, { className: "token punctuation", children: "}" }), "\n"] })] }) }), "\n", _jsxs(_components.blockquote, { children: ["\n", _jsx(_components.p, { children: "注释附上了贴心的输出。" }), "\n"] }), "\n", _jsxs(_components.h2, { id: "3-常量", children: [_jsx(_components.a, { className: "heading-link", href: "#3-常量", children: _jsx(_components.svg, { xmlns: "http:www.w3.org/2000/svg", fill: "#ab2b65", viewBox: "0 0 20 20", className: "w-5 h-5", children: _jsx(_components.path, { fillRule: "evenodd", clipRule: "evenodd", d: "M9.493 2.853a.75.75 0 00-1.486-.205L7.545 6H4.198a.75.75 0 000 1.5h3.14l-.69 5H3.302a.75.75 0 000 1.5h3.14l-.435 3.148a.75.75 0 001.486.205L7.955 14h2.986l-.434 3.148a.75.75 0 001.486.205L12.456 14h3.346a.75.75 0 000-1.5h-3.14l.69-5h3.346a.75.75 0 000-1.5h-3.14l.435-3.147a.75.75 0 00-1.486-.205L12.045 6H9.059l.434-3.147zM8.852 7.5l-.69 5h2.986l.69-5H8.852z" }) }) }), "3. 常量"] }), "\n", _jsx(_components.p, { children: "谈谈常量吧，你总是需要给常量赋一个值。" }), "\n", _jsx(_components.p, { children: "类似于这样：" }), "\n", _jsx(_components.pre, { className: "language-c", children: _jsx(_components.code, { className: "language-c code-highlight", children: _jsxs(_components.span, { className: "code-line", children: [_jsx(_components.span, { className: "token keyword", children: "const" }), " ", _jsx(_components.span, { className: "token keyword", children: "int" }), " AGE ", _jsx(_components.span, { className: "token operator", children: "=" }), " ", _jsx(_components.span, { className: "token number", children: "3" }), _jsx(_components.span, { className: "token punctuation", children: ";" }), "\n"] }) }) }), "\n", _jsxs(_components.p, { children: ["尽管这只是一个惯例，但通常常量被写成大写，这样更加醒目：", _jsx(_components.code, { className: "language-auto", children: "const int AGE = 3;" }), "。"] }), "\n", _jsx(_components.p, { children: "另一种定义方法是（显然，我还记得这叫做宏定义）：" }), "\n", _jsx(_components.pre, { className: "language-c", children: _jsx(_components.code, { className: "language-c code-highlight", children: _jsxs(_components.span, { className: "code-line", children: [_jsxs(_components.span, { className: "token macro property", children: [_jsx(_components.span, { className: "token directive-hash", children: "#" }), _jsx(_components.span, { className: "token directive keyword", children: "define" }), " ", _jsx(_components.span, { className: "token macro-name", children: "AGE" }), " ", _jsx(_components.span, { className: "token expression", children: _jsx(_components.span, { className: "token number", children: "37" }) })] }), "\n"] }) }) }), "\n", _jsxs(_components.p, { children: ["在这种情况下，你不需要添加类型，也不需要用 ", _jsx(_components.code, { className: "language-auto", children: "=" }), "，还可以省略末尾的分号。因为C编译器会在编译时自动推测出类型（我一直以为 ", _jsx(_components.code, { className: "language-auto", children: "#define" }), " 只是在编译阶段做了简单的字符替换）。"] }), "\n", _jsxs(_components.h2, { id: "4-运算符", children: [_jsx(_components.a, { className: "heading-link", href: "#4-运算符", children: _jsx(_components.svg, { xmlns: "http:www.w3.org/2000/svg", fill: "#ab2b65", viewBox: "0 0 20 20", className: "w-5 h-5", children: _jsx(_components.path, { fillRule: "evenodd", clipRule: "evenodd", d: "M9.493 2.853a.75.75 0 00-1.486-.205L7.545 6H4.198a.75.75 0 000 1.5h3.14l-.69 5H3.302a.75.75 0 000 1.5h3.14l-.435 3.148a.75.75 0 001.486.205L7.955 14h2.986l-.434 3.148a.75.75 0 001.486.205L12.456 14h3.346a.75.75 0 000-1.5h-3.14l.69-5h3.346a.75.75 0 000-1.5h-3.14l.435-3.147a.75.75 0 00-1.486-.205L12.045 6H9.059l.434-3.147zM8.852 7.5l-.69 5h2.986l.69-5H8.852z" }) }) }), "4. 运算符"] }), "\n", _jsx(_components.p, { children: "我们有这样一些运算符：" }), "\n", _jsxs(_components.ul, { children: ["\n", _jsx(_components.li, { children: "算数运算符" }), "\n", _jsx(_components.li, { children: "比较运算符" }), "\n", _jsx(_components.li, { children: "逻辑运算符" }), "\n", _jsx(_components.li, { children: "复合赋值运算符" }), "\n", _jsx(_components.li, { children: "位运算符" }), "\n", _jsx(_components.li, { children: "指针运算符" }), "\n", _jsx(_components.li, { children: "结构运算符" }), "\n", _jsx(_components.li, { children: "混合运算符" }), "\n"] }), "\n", _jsxs(_components.h3, { id: "41-算数运算符", children: [_jsx(_components.a, { className: "heading-link", href: "#41-算数运算符", children: _jsx(_components.svg, { xmlns: "http:www.w3.org/2000/svg", fill: "#ab2b65", viewBox: "0 0 20 20", className: "w-5 h-5", children: _jsx(_components.path, { fillRule: "evenodd", clipRule: "evenodd", d: "M9.493 2.853a.75.75 0 00-1.486-.205L7.545 6H4.198a.75.75 0 000 1.5h3.14l-.69 5H3.302a.75.75 0 000 1.5h3.14l-.435 3.148a.75.75 0 001.486.205L7.955 14h2.986l-.434 3.148a.75.75 0 001.486.205L12.456 14h3.346a.75.75 0 000-1.5h-3.14l.69-5h3.346a.75.75 0 000-1.5h-3.14l.435-3.147a.75.75 0 00-1.486-.205L12.045 6H9.059l.434-3.147zM8.852 7.5l-.69 5h2.986l.69-5H8.852z" }) }) }), "4.1 算数运算符"] }), "\n", _jsx(_components.p, { children: "这是一些二元运算符：" }), "\n", _jsx(_components.div, { className: "overflow-x-auto", children: _jsxs(_components.table, { children: [_jsx(_components.thead, { children: _jsxs(_components.tr, { children: [_jsx(_components.th, { children: "操作符" }), _jsx(_components.th, { children: "名字" }), _jsx(_components.th, { children: "示例" })] }) }), _jsxs(_components.tbody, { children: [_jsxs(_components.tr, { children: [_jsx(_components.td, { children: _jsx(_components.code, { className: "language-auto", children: "=" }) }), _jsx(_components.td, { children: "赋值" }), _jsx(_components.td, { children: _jsx(_components.code, { className: "language-auto", children: "a = b" }) })] }), _jsxs(_components.tr, { children: [_jsx(_components.td, { children: _jsx(_components.code, { className: "language-auto", children: "+" }) }), _jsx(_components.td, { children: "加" }), _jsx(_components.td, { children: _jsx(_components.code, { className: "language-auto", children: "a + b" }) })] }), _jsxs(_components.tr, { children: [_jsx(_components.td, { children: _jsx(_components.code, { className: "language-auto", children: "-" }) }), _jsx(_components.td, { children: "减" }), _jsx(_components.td, { children: _jsx(_components.code, { className: "language-auto", children: "a - b" }) })] }), _jsxs(_components.tr, { children: [_jsx(_components.td, { children: _jsx(_components.code, { className: "language-auto", children: "*" }) }), _jsx(_components.td, { children: "乘" }), _jsx(_components.td, { children: _jsx(_components.code, { className: "language-auto", children: "a * b" }) })] }), _jsxs(_components.tr, { children: [_jsx(_components.td, { children: _jsx(_components.code, { className: "language-auto", children: "/" }) }), _jsx(_components.td, { children: "除" }), _jsx(_components.td, { children: _jsx(_components.code, { className: "language-auto", children: "a / b" }) })] }), _jsxs(_components.tr, { children: [_jsx(_components.td, { children: _jsx(_components.code, { className: "language-auto", children: "%" }) }), _jsx(_components.td, { children: "取模" }), _jsx(_components.td, { children: _jsx(_components.code, { className: "language-auto", children: "a % b" }) })] })] })] }) }), "\n", _jsx(_components.p, { children: "一元运算符只需要一个操作符：" }), "\n", _jsx(_components.div, { className: "overflow-x-auto", children: _jsxs(_components.table, { children: [_jsx(_components.thead, { children: _jsxs(_components.tr, { children: [_jsx(_components.th, { children: "运算符" }), _jsx(_components.th, { children: "名字" }), _jsx(_components.th, { children: "示例" })] }) }), _jsxs(_components.tbody, { children: [_jsxs(_components.tr, { children: [_jsx(_components.td, { children: _jsx(_components.code, { className: "language-auto", children: "+" }) }), _jsx(_components.td, { children: "一元加" }), _jsx(_components.td, { children: _jsx(_components.code, { className: "language-auto", children: "+a" }) })] }), _jsxs(_components.tr, { children: [_jsx(_components.td, { children: _jsx(_components.code, { className: "language-auto", children: "-" }) }), _jsx(_components.td, { children: "一元减" }), _jsx(_components.td, { children: _jsx(_components.code, { className: "language-auto", children: "-a" }) })] }), _jsxs(_components.tr, { children: [_jsx(_components.td, { children: _jsx(_components.code, { className: "language-auto", children: "++" }) }), _jsx(_components.td, { children: "自增" }), _jsxs(_components.td, { children: [_jsx(_components.code, { className: "language-auto", children: "a++" }), " or ", _jsx(_components.code, { className: "language-auto", children: "++a" })] })] }), _jsxs(_components.tr, { children: [_jsx(_components.td, { children: _jsx(_components.code, { className: "language-auto", children: "--" }) }), _jsx(_components.td, { children: "自减" }), _jsxs(_components.td, { children: [_jsx(_components.code, { className: "language-auto", children: "a--" }), " or ", _jsx(_components.code, { className: "language-auto", children: "--a" })] })] })] })] }) }), "\n", _jsxs(_components.h3, { id: "42-比较运算符", children: [_jsx(_components.a, { className: "heading-link", href: "#42-比较运算符", children: _jsx(_components.svg, { xmlns: "http:www.w3.org/2000/svg", fill: "#ab2b65", viewBox: "0 0 20 20", className: "w-5 h-5", children: _jsx(_components.path, { fillRule: "evenodd", clipRule: "evenodd", d: "M9.493 2.853a.75.75 0 00-1.486-.205L7.545 6H4.198a.75.75 0 000 1.5h3.14l-.69 5H3.302a.75.75 0 000 1.5h3.14l-.435 3.148a.75.75 0 001.486.205L7.955 14h2.986l-.434 3.148a.75.75 0 001.486.205L12.456 14h3.346a.75.75 0 000-1.5h-3.14l.69-5h3.346a.75.75 0 000-1.5h-3.14l.435-3.147a.75.75 0 00-1.486-.205L12.045 6H9.059l.434-3.147zM8.852 7.5l-.69 5h2.986l.69-5H8.852z" }) }) }), "4.2 比较运算符"] }), "\n", _jsx(_components.div, { className: "overflow-x-auto", children: _jsxs(_components.table, { children: [_jsx(_components.thead, { children: _jsxs(_components.tr, { children: [_jsx(_components.th, { children: "运算符" }), _jsx(_components.th, { children: "名字" }), _jsx(_components.th, { children: "示例" })] }) }), _jsxs(_components.tbody, { children: [_jsxs(_components.tr, { children: [_jsx(_components.td, { children: _jsx(_components.code, { className: "language-auto", children: "==" }) }), _jsx(_components.td, { children: "相等" }), _jsx(_components.td, { children: _jsx(_components.code, { className: "language-auto", children: "a == b" }) })] }), _jsxs(_components.tr, { children: [_jsx(_components.td, { children: _jsx(_components.code, { className: "language-auto", children: "!=" }) }), _jsx(_components.td, { children: "不相等" }), _jsx(_components.td, { children: _jsx(_components.code, { className: "language-auto", children: "a != b" }) })] }), _jsxs(_components.tr, { children: [_jsx(_components.td, { children: _jsx(_components.code, { className: "language-auto", children: ">" }) }), _jsx(_components.td, { children: "大于" }), _jsx(_components.td, { children: _jsx(_components.code, { className: "language-auto", children: "a > b" }) })] }), _jsxs(_components.tr, { children: [_jsx(_components.td, { children: _jsx(_components.code, { className: "language-auto", children: "<" }) }), _jsx(_components.td, { children: "小于" }), _jsx(_components.td, { children: _jsx(_components.code, { className: "language-auto", children: "a < b" }) })] }), _jsxs(_components.tr, { children: [_jsx(_components.td, { children: _jsx(_components.code, { className: "language-auto", children: ">=" }) }), _jsx(_components.td, { children: "大于等于" }), _jsx(_components.td, { children: _jsx(_components.code, { className: "language-auto", children: "a >= b" }) })] }), _jsxs(_components.tr, { children: [_jsx(_components.td, { children: _jsx(_components.code, { className: "language-auto", children: "<=" }) }), _jsx(_components.td, { children: "小于等于" }), _jsx(_components.td, { children: _jsx(_components.code, { className: "language-auto", children: "a <= b" }) })] })] })] }) }), "\n", _jsxs(_components.blockquote, { children: ["\n", _jsx(_components.p, { children: "它们还是熟悉的样子。" }), "\n"] }), "\n", _jsxs(_components.h3, { id: "43-逻辑运算符", children: [_jsx(_components.a, { className: "heading-link", href: "#43-逻辑运算符", children: _jsx(_components.svg, { xmlns: "http:www.w3.org/2000/svg", fill: "#ab2b65", viewBox: "0 0 20 20", className: "w-5 h-5", children: _jsx(_components.path, { fillRule: "evenodd", clipRule: "evenodd", d: "M9.493 2.853a.75.75 0 00-1.486-.205L7.545 6H4.198a.75.75 0 000 1.5h3.14l-.69 5H3.302a.75.75 0 000 1.5h3.14l-.435 3.148a.75.75 0 001.486.205L7.955 14h2.986l-.434 3.148a.75.75 0 001.486.205L12.456 14h3.346a.75.75 0 000-1.5h-3.14l.69-5h3.346a.75.75 0 000-1.5h-3.14l.435-3.147a.75.75 0 00-1.486-.205L12.045 6H9.059l.434-3.147zM8.852 7.5l-.69 5h2.986l.69-5H8.852z" }) }) }), "4.3 逻辑运算符"] }), "\n", _jsxs(_components.ul, { children: ["\n", _jsxs(_components.li, { children: [_jsx(_components.code, { className: "language-auto", children: "!" }), " 非（例如：", _jsx(_components.code, { className: "language-auto", children: "!a" }), "）"] }), "\n", _jsxs(_components.li, { children: [_jsx(_components.code, { className: "language-auto", children: "&&" }), " 与（例如：", _jsx(_components.code, { className: "language-auto", children: "a && b" }), "）"] }), "\n", _jsxs(_components.li, { children: [_jsx(_components.code, { className: "language-auto", children: "||" }), " 或（例如：", _jsx(_components.code, { className: "language-auto", children: "a || b" }), "）"] }), "\n"] }), "\n", _jsx(_components.p, { children: "一般情况下，他们被用在布尔运算中" }), "\n", _jsxs(_components.h3, { id: "44-复合赋值运算符", children: [_jsx(_components.a, { className: "heading-link", href: "#44-复合赋值运算符", children: _jsx(_components.svg, { xmlns: "http:www.w3.org/2000/svg", fill: "#ab2b65", viewBox: "0 0 20 20", className: "w-5 h-5", children: _jsx(_components.path, { fillRule: "evenodd", clipRule: "evenodd", d: "M9.493 2.853a.75.75 0 00-1.486-.205L7.545 6H4.198a.75.75 0 000 1.5h3.14l-.69 5H3.302a.75.75 0 000 1.5h3.14l-.435 3.148a.75.75 0 001.486.205L7.955 14h2.986l-.434 3.148a.75.75 0 001.486.205L12.456 14h3.346a.75.75 0 000-1.5h-3.14l.69-5h3.346a.75.75 0 000-1.5h-3.14l.435-3.147a.75.75 0 00-1.486-.205L12.045 6H9.059l.434-3.147zM8.852 7.5l-.69 5h2.986l.69-5H8.852z" }) }) }), "4.4 复合赋值运算符"] }), "\n", _jsx(_components.div, { className: "overflow-x-auto", children: _jsxs(_components.table, { children: [_jsx(_components.thead, { children: _jsxs(_components.tr, { children: [_jsx(_components.th, { children: "运算符" }), _jsx(_components.th, { children: "名字" }), _jsx(_components.th, { children: "示例" })] }) }), _jsxs(_components.tbody, { children: [_jsxs(_components.tr, { children: [_jsx(_components.td, { children: _jsx(_components.code, { className: "language-auto", children: "+=" }) }), _jsx(_components.td, { children: "加且赋值" }), _jsx(_components.td, { children: _jsx(_components.code, { className: "language-auto", children: "a += b" }) })] }), _jsxs(_components.tr, { children: [_jsx(_components.td, { children: _jsx(_components.code, { className: "language-auto", children: "-=" }) }), _jsx(_components.td, { children: "减且赋值" }), _jsx(_components.td, { children: _jsx(_components.code, { className: "language-auto", children: "a -= b" }) })] }), _jsxs(_components.tr, { children: [_jsx(_components.td, { children: _jsx(_components.code, { className: "language-auto", children: "*=" }) }), _jsx(_components.td, { children: "乘且赋值" }), _jsx(_components.td, { children: _jsx(_components.code, { className: "language-auto", children: "a *= b" }) })] }), _jsxs(_components.tr, { children: [_jsx(_components.td, { children: _jsx(_components.code, { className: "language-auto", children: "/=" }) }), _jsx(_components.td, { children: "除且赋值" }), _jsx(_components.td, { children: _jsx(_components.code, { className: "language-auto", children: "a /= b" }) })] }), _jsxs(_components.tr, { children: [_jsx(_components.td, { children: _jsx(_components.code, { className: "language-auto", children: "%=" }) }), _jsx(_components.td, { children: "求模且赋值" }), _jsx(_components.td, { children: _jsx(_components.code, { className: "language-auto", children: "a %= b" }) })] }), _jsxs(_components.tr, { children: [_jsx(_components.td, { children: "用他们来减少代码量。" }), _jsx(_components.td, {}), _jsx(_components.td, {})] })] })] }) }), "\n", _jsxs(_components.h3, { id: "45-三目运算符", children: [_jsx(_components.a, { className: "heading-link", href: "#45-三目运算符", children: _jsx(_components.svg, { xmlns: "http:www.w3.org/2000/svg", fill: "#ab2b65", viewBox: "0 0 20 20", className: "w-5 h-5", children: _jsx(_components.path, { fillRule: "evenodd", clipRule: "evenodd", d: "M9.493 2.853a.75.75 0 00-1.486-.205L7.545 6H4.198a.75.75 0 000 1.5h3.14l-.69 5H3.302a.75.75 0 000 1.5h3.14l-.435 3.148a.75.75 0 001.486.205L7.955 14h2.986l-.434 3.148a.75.75 0 001.486.205L12.456 14h3.346a.75.75 0 000-1.5h-3.14l.69-5h3.346a.75.75 0 000-1.5h-3.14l.435-3.147a.75.75 0 00-1.486-.205L12.045 6H9.059l.434-3.147zM8.852 7.5l-.69 5h2.986l.69-5H8.852z" }) }) }), "4.5 三目运算符"] }), "\n", _jsxs(_components.p, { children: ["这是C中唯一一个使用三个操作数的运算符，炫技必备：", _jsx(_components.code, { className: "language-auto", children: "<条件> ? <表达式> : <表达式>" }), "。功能与条件表达式一样。"] }), "\n", _jsxs(_components.h3, { id: "46-sizeof", children: [_jsx(_components.a, { className: "heading-link", href: "#46-sizeof", children: _jsx(_components.svg, { xmlns: "http:www.w3.org/2000/svg", fill: "#ab2b65", viewBox: "0 0 20 20", className: "w-5 h-5", children: _jsx(_components.path, { fillRule: "evenodd", clipRule: "evenodd", d: "M9.493 2.853a.75.75 0 00-1.486-.205L7.545 6H4.198a.75.75 0 000 1.5h3.14l-.69 5H3.302a.75.75 0 000 1.5h3.14l-.435 3.148a.75.75 0 001.486.205L7.955 14h2.986l-.434 3.148a.75.75 0 001.486.205L12.456 14h3.346a.75.75 0 000-1.5h-3.14l.69-5h3.346a.75.75 0 000-1.5h-3.14l.435-3.147a.75.75 0 00-1.486-.205L12.045 6H9.059l.434-3.147zM8.852 7.5l-.69 5h2.986l.69-5H8.852z" }) }) }), "4.6 sizeof"] }), "\n", _jsxs(_components.p, { children: [_jsx(_components.code, { className: "language-auto", children: "sizeof" }), " 操作符返回你传入的操作数的大小。可以传入变量，或者类型。"] }), "\n", _jsx(_components.p, { children: "使用示例如下：" }), "\n", _jsx(_components.pre, { className: "language-c", children: _jsxs(_components.code, { className: "language-c code-highlight", children: [_jsxs(_components.span, { className: "code-line", children: [_jsxs(_components.span, { className: "token macro property", children: [_jsx(_components.span, { className: "token directive-hash", children: "#" }), _jsx(_components.span, { className: "token directive keyword", children: "include" }), " ", _jsx(_components.span, { className: "token string", children: "" })] }), "\n"] }), _jsx(_components.span, { className: "code-line", children: "\n" }), _jsxs(_components.span, { className: "code-line", children: [_jsx(_components.span, { className: "token keyword", children: "int" }), " ", _jsx(_components.span, { className: "token function", children: "main" }), _jsx(_components.span, { className: "token punctuation", children: "(" }), _jsx(_components.span, { className: "token keyword", children: "void" }), _jsx(_components.span, { className: "token punctuation", children: ")" }), " ", _jsx(_components.span, { className: "token punctuation", children: "{" }), "\n"] }), _jsxs(_components.span, { className: "code-line", children: [" ", _jsx(_components.span, { className: "token keyword", children: "int" }), " age ", _jsx(_components.span, { className: "token operator", children: "=" }), " ", _jsx(_components.span, { className: "token number", children: "37" }), _jsx(_components.span, { className: "token punctuation", children: ";" }), "\n"] }), _jsxs(_components.span, { className: "code-line", children: [" ", _jsx(_components.span, { className: "token function", children: "printf" }), _jsx(_components.span, { className: "token punctuation", children: "(" }), _jsx(_components.span, { className: "token string", children: "\"%lu\\n\"" }), _jsx(_components.span, { className: "token punctuation", children: "," }), " ", _jsx(_components.span, { className: "token keyword", children: "sizeof" }), _jsx(_components.span, { className: "token punctuation", children: "(" }), "age", _jsx(_components.span, { className: "token punctuation", children: ")" }), _jsx(_components.span, { className: "token punctuation", children: ")" }), _jsx(_components.span, { className: "token punctuation", children: ";" }), " ", _jsx(_components.span, { className: "token comment", children: "// 4" }), "\n"] }), _jsxs(_components.span, { className: "code-line", children: [" ", _jsx(_components.span, { className: "token function", children: "printf" }), _jsx(_components.span, { className: "token punctuation", children: "(" }), _jsx(_components.span, { className: "token string", children: "\"%lu\\n\"" }), _jsx(_components.span, { className: "token punctuation", children: "," }), " ", _jsx(_components.span, { className: "token keyword", children: "sizeof" }), _jsx(_components.span, { className: "token punctuation", children: "(" }), _jsx(_components.span, { className: "token keyword", children: "int" }), _jsx(_components.span, { className: "token punctuation", children: ")" }), _jsx(_components.span, { className: "token punctuation", children: ")" }), _jsx(_components.span, { className: "token punctuation", children: ";" }), " ", _jsx(_components.span, { className: "token comment", children: "// 4" }), "\n"] }), _jsxs(_components.span, { className: "code-line", children: [_jsx(_components.span, { className: "token punctuation", children: "}" }), "\n"] })] }) }), "\n", _jsxs(_components.h3, { id: "47-运算符的优先级", children: [_jsx(_components.a, { className: "heading-link", href: "#47-运算符的优先级", children: _jsx(_components.svg, { xmlns: "http:www.w3.org/2000/svg", fill: "#ab2b65", viewBox: "0 0 20 20", className: "w-5 h-5", children: _jsx(_components.path, { fillRule: "evenodd", clipRule: "evenodd", d: "M9.493 2.853a.75.75 0 00-1.486-.205L7.545 6H4.198a.75.75 0 000 1.5h3.14l-.69 5H3.302a.75.75 0 000 1.5h3.14l-.435 3.148a.75.75 0 001.486.205L7.955 14h2.986l-.434 3.148a.75.75 0 001.486.205L12.456 14h3.346a.75.75 0 000-1.5h-3.14l.69-5h3.346a.75.75 0 000-1.5h-3.14l.435-3.147a.75.75 0 00-1.486-.205L12.045 6H9.059l.434-3.147zM8.852 7.5l-.69 5h2.986l.69-5H8.852z" }) }) }), "4.7 运算符的优先级"] }), "\n", _jsx(_components.p, { children: "按照顺序，从低到高：" }), "\n", _jsxs(_components.ul, { children: ["\n", _jsxs(_components.li, { children: ["赋值运算符 ", _jsx(_components.code, { className: "language-auto", children: "=" })] }), "\n", _jsxs(_components.li, { children: ["二元运算符 ", _jsx(_components.code, { className: "language-auto", children: "+" }), " 和 ", _jsx(_components.code, { className: "language-auto", children: "-" })] }), "\n", _jsxs(_components.li, { children: ["运算符 ", _jsx(_components.code, { className: "language-auto", children: "*" }), " 和 ", _jsx(_components.code, { className: "language-auto", children: "/" })] }), "\n", _jsxs(_components.li, { children: ["一元运算符 ", _jsx(_components.code, { className: "language-auto", children: "+" }), " 和 ", _jsx(_components.code, { className: "language-auto", children: "-" })] }), "\n", _jsx(_components.li, { children: "括号的优先级最高" }), "\n"] }), "\n", _jsxs(_components.h2, { id: "5-条件语句", children: [_jsx(_components.a, { className: "heading-link", href: "#5-条件语句", children: _jsx(_components.svg, { xmlns: "http:www.w3.org/2000/svg", fill: "#ab2b65", viewBox: "0 0 20 20", className: "w-5 h-5", children: _jsx(_components.path, { fillRule: "evenodd", clipRule: "evenodd", d: "M9.493 2.853a.75.75 0 00-1.486-.205L7.545 6H4.198a.75.75 0 000 1.5h3.14l-.69 5H3.302a.75.75 0 000 1.5h3.14l-.435 3.148a.75.75 0 001.486.205L7.955 14h2.986l-.434 3.148a.75.75 0 001.486.205L12.456 14h3.346a.75.75 0 000-1.5h-3.14l.69-5h3.346a.75.75 0 000-1.5h-3.14l.435-3.147a.75.75 0 00-1.486-.205L12.045 6H9.059l.434-3.147zM8.852 7.5l-.69 5h2.986l.69-5H8.852z" }) }) }), "5. 条件语句"] }), "\n", _jsxs(_components.h3, { id: "51-if", children: [_jsx(_components.a, { className: "heading-link", href: "#51-if", children: _jsx(_components.svg, { xmlns: "http:www.w3.org/2000/svg", fill: "#ab2b65", viewBox: "0 0 20 20", className: "w-5 h-5", children: _jsx(_components.path, { fillRule: "evenodd", clipRule: "evenodd", d: "M9.493 2.853a.75.75 0 00-1.486-.205L7.545 6H4.198a.75.75 0 000 1.5h3.14l-.69 5H3.302a.75.75 0 000 1.5h3.14l-.435 3.148a.75.75 0 001.486.205L7.955 14h2.986l-.434 3.148a.75.75 0 001.486.205L12.456 14h3.346a.75.75 0 000-1.5h-3.14l.69-5h3.346a.75.75 0 000-1.5h-3.14l.435-3.147a.75.75 0 00-1.486-.205L12.045 6H9.059l.434-3.147zM8.852 7.5l-.69 5h2.986l.69-5H8.852z" }) }) }), "5.1 if"] }), "\n", _jsx(_components.p, { children: "没什么好说的，每个语言都有，每个语言都差不多。" }), "\n", _jsxs(_components.h3, { id: "52-switch", children: [_jsx(_components.a, { className: "heading-link", href: "#52-switch", children: _jsx(_components.svg, { xmlns: "http:www.w3.org/2000/svg", fill: "#ab2b65", viewBox: "0 0 20 20", className: "w-5 h-5", children: _jsx(_components.path, { fillRule: "evenodd", clipRule: "evenodd", d: "M9.493 2.853a.75.75 0 00-1.486-.205L7.545 6H4.198a.75.75 0 000 1.5h3.14l-.69 5H3.302a.75.75 0 000 1.5h3.14l-.435 3.148a.75.75 0 001.486.205L7.955 14h2.986l-.434 3.148a.75.75 0 001.486.205L12.456 14h3.346a.75.75 0 000-1.5h-3.14l.69-5h3.346a.75.75 0 000-1.5h-3.14l.435-3.147a.75.75 0 00-1.486-.205L12.045 6H9.059l.434-3.147zM8.852 7.5l-.69 5h2.986l.69-5H8.852z" }) }) }), "5.2 switch"] }), "\n", _jsxs(_components.p, { children: ["如果你的检查需要很多的 ", _jsx(_components.code, { className: "language-auto", children: "if/else/if" }), " 块，那可能是你需要检查变量的具体值，这时候 ", _jsx(_components.code, { className: "language-auto", children: "switch" }), " 就非常有用了。"] }), "\n", _jsxs(_components.p, { children: ["你可以提供一个变量作为条件，然后为期望的每一个值使用一个 ", _jsx(_components.code, { className: "language-auto", children: "case" }), " 入口点："] }), "\n", _jsx(_components.pre, { className: "language-c", children: _jsxs(_components.code, { className: "language-c code-highlight", children: [_jsxs(_components.span, { className: "code-line", children: [_jsxs(_components.span, { className: "token macro property", children: [_jsx(_components.span, { className: "token directive-hash", children: "#" }), _jsx(_components.span, { className: "token directive keyword", children: "include" }), " ", _jsx(_components.span, { className: "token string", children: "" })] }), "\n"] }), _jsx(_components.span, { className: "code-line", children: "\n" }), _jsxs(_components.span, { className: "code-line", children: [_jsx(_components.span, { className: "token keyword", children: "int" }), " ", _jsx(_components.span, { className: "token function", children: "main" }), _jsx(_components.span, { className: "token punctuation", children: "(" }), _jsx(_components.span, { className: "token keyword", children: "void" }), _jsx(_components.span, { className: "token punctuation", children: ")" }), " ", _jsx(_components.span, { className: "token punctuation", children: "{" }), "\n"] }), _jsxs(_components.span, { className: "code-line", children: [" ", _jsx(_components.span, { className: "token keyword", children: "int" }), " a ", _jsx(_components.span, { className: "token operator", children: "=" }), " ", _jsx(_components.span, { className: "token number", children: "1" }), _jsx(_components.span, { className: "token punctuation", children: ";" }), "\n"] }), _jsxs(_components.span, { className: "code-line", children: [" ", _jsx(_components.span, { className: "token keyword", children: "switch" }), " ", _jsx(_components.span, { className: "token punctuation", children: "(" }), "a", _jsx(_components.span, { className: "token punctuation", children: ")" }), " ", _jsx(_components.span, { className: "token punctuation", children: "{" }), "\n"] }), _jsxs(_components.span, { className: "code-line", children: [" ", _jsx(_components.span, { className: "token keyword", children: "case" }), " ", _jsx(_components.span, { className: "token number", children: "0" }), _jsx(_components.span, { className: "token operator", children: ":" }), "\n"] }), _jsxs(_components.span, { className: "code-line", children: [" ", _jsx(_components.span, { className: "token comment", children: "// 进行一些操作" }), "\n"] }), _jsxs(_components.span, { className: "code-line", children: [" ", _jsx(_components.span, { className: "token keyword", children: "break" }), _jsx(_components.span, { className: "token punctuation", children: ";" }), "\n"] }), _jsxs(_components.span, { className: "code-line", children: [" ", _jsx(_components.span, { className: "token keyword", children: "case" }), " ", _jsx(_components.span, { className: "token number", children: "1" }), _jsx(_components.span, { className: "token operator", children: ":" }), "\n"] }), _jsxs(_components.span, { className: "code-line", children: [" ", _jsx(_components.span, { className: "token comment", children: "// 进行一些操作" }), "\n"] }), _jsxs(_components.span, { className: "code-line", children: [" ", _jsx(_components.span, { className: "token keyword", children: "break" }), _jsx(_components.span, { className: "token punctuation", children: ";" }), "\n"] }), _jsxs(_components.span, { className: "code-line", children: [" ", _jsx(_components.span, { className: "token keyword", children: "case" }), " ", _jsx(_components.span, { className: "token number", children: "2" }), _jsx(_components.span, { className: "token operator", children: ":" }), "\n"] }), _jsxs(_components.span, { className: "code-line", children: [" ", _jsx(_components.span, { className: "token comment", children: "// 进行一些操作" }), "\n"] }), _jsxs(_components.span, { className: "code-line", children: [" ", _jsx(_components.span, { className: "token keyword", children: "break" }), _jsx(_components.span, { className: "token punctuation", children: ";" }), "\n"] }), _jsxs(_components.span, { className: "code-line", children: [" ", _jsx(_components.span, { className: "token keyword", children: "default" }), _jsx(_components.span, { className: "token operator", children: ":" }), "\n"] }), _jsxs(_components.span, { className: "code-line", children: [" ", _jsx(_components.span, { className: "token keyword", children: "break" }), _jsx(_components.span, { className: "token punctuation", children: ";" }), "\n"] }), _jsxs(_components.span, { className: "code-line", children: [" ", _jsx(_components.span, { className: "token punctuation", children: "}" }), "\n"] }), _jsxs(_components.span, { className: "code-line", children: [_jsx(_components.span, { className: "token punctuation", children: "}" }), "\n"] })] }) }), "\n", _jsxs(_components.p, { children: ["这里相对迷惑的行为是需要在每一个case块中加入 ", _jsx(_components.code, { className: "language-auto", children: "break" }), "，用于防止执行下一个 ", _jsx(_components.code, { className: "language-auto", children: "case" }), " 块。在某些情况下，这非常有用。可以在末尾添加一个 ", _jsx(_components.code, { className: "language-auto", children: "default" }), " 块来捕获所有的 ", _jsx(_components.code, { className: "language-auto", children: "case" }), " 块。"] }), "\n", _jsxs(_components.p, { children: [_jsx(_components.code, { className: "language-auto", children: "default" }), " 表示在所有捕获失败的情况下，给你一个默认的处理操作。"] }), "\n", _jsxs(_components.p, { children: ["如果捕获成功，会从成功的case块一直往下执行下去，直到遇到了第一个 ", _jsx(_components.code, { className: "language-auto", children: "break" }), " 才停止。"] }), "\n", _jsx(_components.p, { children: "比如这里：" }), "\n", _jsx(_components.pre, { className: "language-c", children: _jsxs(_components.code, { className: "language-c code-highlight", children: [_jsxs(_components.span, { className: "code-line", children: [_jsxs(_components.span, { className: "token macro property", children: [_jsx(_components.span, { className: "token directive-hash", children: "#" }), _jsx(_components.span, { className: "token directive keyword", children: "include" }), " ", _jsx(_components.span, { className: "token string", children: "" })] }), "\n"] }), _jsx(_components.span, { className: "code-line", children: "\n" }), _jsxs(_components.span, { className: "code-line", children: [_jsx(_components.span, { className: "token keyword", children: "int" }), " ", _jsx(_components.span, { className: "token function", children: "main" }), _jsx(_components.span, { className: "token punctuation", children: "(" }), _jsx(_components.span, { className: "token keyword", children: "void" }), _jsx(_components.span, { className: "token punctuation", children: ")" }), "\n"] }), _jsxs(_components.span, { className: "code-line", children: [_jsx(_components.span, { className: "token punctuation", children: "{" }), "\n"] }), _jsxs(_components.span, { className: "code-line", children: [" ", _jsx(_components.span, { className: "token keyword", children: "int" }), " a ", _jsx(_components.span, { className: "token operator", children: "=" }), " ", _jsx(_components.span, { className: "token number", children: "1" }), _jsx(_components.span, { className: "token punctuation", children: ";" }), "\n"] }), _jsxs(_components.span, { className: "code-line", children: [" ", _jsx(_components.span, { className: "token keyword", children: "switch" }), " ", _jsx(_components.span, { className: "token punctuation", children: "(" }), "a", _jsx(_components.span, { className: "token punctuation", children: ")" }), "\n"] }), _jsxs(_components.span, { className: "code-line", children: [" ", _jsx(_components.span, { className: "token punctuation", children: "{" }), "\n"] }), _jsxs(_components.span, { className: "code-line", children: [" ", _jsx(_components.span, { className: "token keyword", children: "case" }), " ", _jsx(_components.span, { className: "token number", children: "0" }), _jsx(_components.span, { className: "token operator", children: ":" }), "\n"] }), _jsxs(_components.span, { className: "code-line", children: [" ", _jsx(_components.span, { className: "token function", children: "puts" }), _jsx(_components.span, { className: "token punctuation", children: "(" }), _jsx(_components.span, { className: "token string", children: "\"0\"" }), _jsx(_components.span, { className: "token punctuation", children: ")" }), _jsx(_components.span, { className: "token punctuation", children: ";" }), "\n"] }), _jsxs(_components.span, { className: "code-line", children: [" ", _jsx(_components.span, { className: "token comment", children: "// 进行一些操作" }), "\n"] }), _jsxs(_components.span, { className: "code-line", children: [" ", _jsx(_components.span, { className: "token keyword", children: "case" }), " ", _jsx(_components.span, { className: "token number", children: "1" }), _jsx(_components.span, { className: "token operator", children: ":" }), "\n"] }), _jsxs(_components.span, { className: "code-line", children: [" ", _jsx(_components.span, { className: "token function", children: "puts" }), _jsx(_components.span, { className: "token punctuation", children: "(" }), _jsx(_components.span, { className: "token string", children: "\"1\"" }), _jsx(_components.span, { className: "token punctuation", children: ")" }), _jsx(_components.span, { className: "token punctuation", children: ";" }), "\n"] }), _jsxs(_components.span, { className: "code-line", children: [" ", _jsx(_components.span, { className: "token comment", children: "// 进行一些操作" }), "\n"] }), _jsxs(_components.span, { className: "code-line", children: [" ", _jsx(_components.span, { className: "token keyword", children: "case" }), " ", _jsx(_components.span, { className: "token number", children: "2" }), _jsx(_components.span, { className: "token operator", children: ":" }), "\n"] }), _jsxs(_components.span, { className: "code-line", children: [" ", _jsx(_components.span, { className: "token function", children: "puts" }), _jsx(_components.span, { className: "token punctuation", children: "(" }), _jsx(_components.span, { className: "token string", children: "\"2\"" }), _jsx(_components.span, { className: "token punctuation", children: ")" }), _jsx(_components.span, { className: "token punctuation", children: ";" }), "\n"] }), _jsxs(_components.span, { className: "code-line", children: [" ", _jsx(_components.span, { className: "token keyword", children: "break" }), _jsx(_components.span, { className: "token punctuation", children: ";" }), "\n"] }), _jsxs(_components.span, { className: "code-line", children: [" ", _jsx(_components.span, { className: "token comment", children: "// 进行一些操作" }), "\n"] }), _jsxs(_components.span, { className: "code-line", children: [" ", _jsx(_components.span, { className: "token keyword", children: "case" }), " ", _jsx(_components.span, { className: "token number", children: "3" }), _jsx(_components.span, { className: "token operator", children: ":" }), "\n"] }), _jsxs(_components.span, { className: "code-line", children: [" ", _jsx(_components.span, { className: "token function", children: "puts" }), _jsx(_components.span, { className: "token punctuation", children: "(" }), _jsx(_components.span, { className: "token string", children: "\"3\"" }), _jsx(_components.span, { className: "token punctuation", children: ")" }), _jsx(_components.span, { className: "token punctuation", children: ";" }), "\n"] }), _jsxs(_components.span, { className: "code-line", children: [" ", _jsx(_components.span, { className: "token comment", children: "// 进行一些操作" }), "\n"] }), _jsxs(_components.span, { className: "code-line", children: [" ", _jsx(_components.span, { className: "token keyword", children: "default" }), _jsx(_components.span, { className: "token operator", children: ":" }), "\n"] }), _jsxs(_components.span, { className: "code-line", children: [" ", _jsx(_components.span, { className: "token function", children: "puts" }), _jsx(_components.span, { className: "token punctuation", children: "(" }), _jsx(_components.span, { className: "token string", children: "\"默认操作...\"" }), _jsx(_components.span, { className: "token punctuation", children: ")" }), _jsx(_components.span, { className: "token punctuation", children: ";" }), "\n"] }), _jsxs(_components.span, { className: "code-line", children: [" ", _jsx(_components.span, { className: "token keyword", children: "break" }), _jsx(_components.span, { className: "token punctuation", children: ";" }), "\n"] }), _jsxs(_components.span, { className: "code-line", children: [" ", _jsx(_components.span, { className: "token punctuation", children: "}" }), "\n"] }), _jsxs(_components.span, { className: "code-line", children: [_jsx(_components.span, { className: "token punctuation", children: "}" }), "\n"] })] }) }), "\n", _jsxs(_components.h2, { id: "6-循环", children: [_jsx(_components.a, { className: "heading-link", href: "#6-循环", children: _jsx(_components.svg, { xmlns: "http:www.w3.org/2000/svg", fill: "#ab2b65", viewBox: "0 0 20 20", className: "w-5 h-5", children: _jsx(_components.path, { fillRule: "evenodd", clipRule: "evenodd", d: "M9.493 2.853a.75.75 0 00-1.486-.205L7.545 6H4.198a.75.75 0 000 1.5h3.14l-.69 5H3.302a.75.75 0 000 1.5h3.14l-.435 3.148a.75.75 0 001.486.205L7.955 14h2.986l-.434 3.148a.75.75 0 001.486.205L12.456 14h3.346a.75.75 0 000-1.5h-3.14l.69-5h3.346a.75.75 0 000-1.5h-3.14l.435-3.147a.75.75 0 00-1.486-.205L12.045 6H9.059l.434-3.147zM8.852 7.5l-.69 5h2.986l.69-5H8.852z" }) }) }), "6. 循环"] }), "\n", _jsxs(_components.p, { children: ["我们可以用 ", _jsx(_components.code, { className: "language-auto", children: "break" }), " 来跳出一个循环，呃，就这么多…"] }), "\n", _jsxs(_components.h2, { id: "7-数组", children: [_jsx(_components.a, { className: "heading-link", href: "#7-数组", children: _jsx(_components.svg, { xmlns: "http:www.w3.org/2000/svg", fill: "#ab2b65", viewBox: "0 0 20 20", className: "w-5 h-5", children: _jsx(_components.path, { fillRule: "evenodd", clipRule: "evenodd", d: "M9.493 2.853a.75.75 0 00-1.486-.205L7.545 6H4.198a.75.75 0 000 1.5h3.14l-.69 5H3.302a.75.75 0 000 1.5h3.14l-.435 3.148a.75.75 0 001.486.205L7.955 14h2.986l-.434 3.148a.75.75 0 001.486.205L12.456 14h3.346a.75.75 0 000-1.5h-3.14l.69-5h3.346a.75.75 0 000-1.5h-3.14l.435-3.147a.75.75 0 00-1.486-.205L12.045 6H9.059l.434-3.147zM8.852 7.5l-.69 5h2.986l.69-5H8.852z" }) }) }), "7. 数组"] }), "\n", _jsxs(_components.p, { children: ["在C中，数组中的每个值都必须有", _jsx(_components.strong, { children: "相同的类型" }), "。这意味着你将会有 ", _jsx(_components.code, { className: "language-auto", children: "int" }), " 值组成的数组，", _jsx(_components.code, { className: "language-auto", children: "double" }), " 组成的数组等等。"] }), "\n", _jsxs(_components.p, { children: ["可以这样定义一个 ", _jsx(_components.code, { className: "language-auto", children: "int" }), " 型的数组："] }), "\n", _jsx(_components.pre, { className: "language-c", children: _jsx(_components.code, { className: "language-c code-highlight", children: _jsxs(_components.span, { className: "code-line", children: [_jsx(_components.span, { className: "token keyword", children: "int" }), " prices", _jsx(_components.span, { className: "token punctuation", children: "[" }), _jsx(_components.span, { className: "token number", children: "5" }), _jsx(_components.span, { className: "token punctuation", children: "]" }), _jsx(_components.span, { className: "token punctuation", children: ";" }), "\n"] }) }) }), "\n", _jsx(_components.p, { children: "在C中，你必须总是声明数组的大小。C没有开箱即用的动态数组（为此，你必须使用像链表这样的数据结构）。" }), "\n", _jsx(_components.p, { children: "你可以用常量定义数组的大小：" }), "\n", _jsx(_components.pre, { className: "language-c", children: _jsxs(_components.code, { className: "language-c code-highlight", children: [_jsxs(_components.span, { className: "code-line", children: [_jsxs(_components.span, { className: "token macro property", children: [_jsx(_components.span, { className: "token directive-hash", children: "#" }), _jsx(_components.span, { className: "token directive keyword", children: "include" }), " ", _jsx(_components.span, { className: "token string", children: "" })] }), "\n"] }), _jsx(_components.span, { className: "code-line", children: "\n" }), _jsxs(_components.span, { className: "code-line", children: [_jsx(_components.span, { className: "token keyword", children: "const" }), " ", _jsx(_components.span, { className: "token keyword", children: "int" }), " size ", _jsx(_components.span, { className: "token operator", children: "=" }), " ", _jsx(_components.span, { className: "token number", children: "5" }), _jsx(_components.span, { className: "token punctuation", children: ";" }), "\n"] }), _jsxs(_components.span, { className: "code-line", children: [_jsx(_components.span, { className: "token keyword", children: "int" }), " prices", _jsx(_components.span, { className: "token punctuation", children: "[" }), "size", _jsx(_components.span, { className: "token punctuation", children: "]" }), _jsx(_components.span, { className: "token punctuation", children: ";" }), "\n"] }), _jsx(_components.span, { className: "code-line", children: "\n" }), _jsxs(_components.span, { className: "code-line", children: [_jsx(_components.span, { className: "token keyword", children: "int" }), " ", _jsx(_components.span, { className: "token function", children: "main" }), _jsx(_components.span, { className: "token punctuation", children: "(" }), _jsx(_components.span, { className: "token keyword", children: "void" }), _jsx(_components.span, { className: "token punctuation", children: ")" }), " ", _jsx(_components.span, { className: "token punctuation", children: "{" }), " ", _jsx(_components.span, { className: "token punctuation", children: "}" }), _jsx(_components.span, { className: "token punctuation", children: ";" }), "\n"] })] }) }), "\n", _jsx(_components.p, { children: "也可以在定义数组的时候进行初始化：" }), "\n", _jsx(_components.pre, { className: "language-c", children: _jsxs(_components.code, { className: "language-c code-highlight", children: [_jsxs(_components.span, { className: "code-line", children: [_jsxs(_components.span, { className: "token macro property", children: [_jsx(_components.span, { className: "token directive-hash", children: "#" }), _jsx(_components.span, { className: "token directive keyword", children: "include" }), " ", _jsx(_components.span, { className: "token string", children: "" })] }), "\n"] }), _jsx(_components.span, { className: "code-line", children: "\n" }), _jsxs(_components.span, { className: "code-line", children: [_jsx(_components.span, { className: "token keyword", children: "int" }), " prices", _jsx(_components.span, { className: "token punctuation", children: "[" }), _jsx(_components.span, { className: "token punctuation", children: "]" }), " ", _jsx(_components.span, { className: "token operator", children: "=" }), " ", _jsx(_components.span, { className: "token punctuation", children: "{" }), _jsx(_components.span, { className: "token number", children: "1" }), _jsx(_components.span, { className: "token punctuation", children: "," }), " ", _jsx(_components.span, { className: "token number", children: "2" }), _jsx(_components.span, { className: "token punctuation", children: "," }), " ", _jsx(_components.span, { className: "token number", children: "3" }), _jsx(_components.span, { className: "token punctuation", children: "," }), " ", _jsx(_components.span, { className: "token number", children: "4" }), _jsx(_components.span, { className: "token punctuation", children: "," }), " ", _jsx(_components.span, { className: "token number", children: "5" }), _jsx(_components.span, { className: "token punctuation", children: "}" }), _jsx(_components.span, { className: "token punctuation", children: ";" }), "\n"] }), _jsx(_components.span, { className: "code-line", children: "\n" }), _jsxs(_components.span, { className: "code-line", children: [_jsx(_components.span, { className: "token keyword", children: "int" }), " ", _jsx(_components.span, { className: "token function", children: "main" }), _jsx(_components.span, { className: "token punctuation", children: "(" }), _jsx(_components.span, { className: "token keyword", children: "void" }), _jsx(_components.span, { className: "token punctuation", children: ")" }), "\n"] }), _jsxs(_components.span, { className: "code-line", children: [_jsx(_components.span, { className: "token punctuation", children: "{" }), "\n"] }), _jsxs(_components.span, { className: "code-line", children: [" ", _jsx(_components.span, { className: "token function", children: "printf" }), _jsx(_components.span, { className: "token punctuation", children: "(" }), _jsx(_components.span, { className: "token string", children: "\"%d\"" }), _jsx(_components.span, { className: "token punctuation", children: "," }), " prices", _jsx(_components.span, { className: "token punctuation", children: "[" }), _jsx(_components.span, { className: "token number", children: "2" }), _jsx(_components.span, { className: "token punctuation", children: "]" }), _jsx(_components.span, { className: "token punctuation", children: ")" }), _jsx(_components.span, { className: "token punctuation", children: ";" }), "\n"] }), _jsxs(_components.span, { className: "code-line", children: [_jsx(_components.span, { className: "token punctuation", children: "}" }), _jsx(_components.span, { className: "token punctuation", children: ";" }), "\n"] })] }) }), "\n", _jsx(_components.p, { children: "也可以定义之后再赋值，这没啥好说的。" }), "\n", _jsx(_components.p, { children: "其中，数组变量名其实是一个指向数组首地址的指针，所以，你也可以像使用普通指针一样使用数组。" }), "\n", _jsxs(_components.h2, { id: "8-字符串", children: [_jsx(_components.a, { className: "heading-link", href: "#8-字符串", children: _jsx(_components.svg, { xmlns: "http:www.w3.org/2000/svg", fill: "#ab2b65", viewBox: "0 0 20 20", className: "w-5 h-5", children: _jsx(_components.path, { fillRule: "evenodd", clipRule: "evenodd", d: "M9.493 2.853a.75.75 0 00-1.486-.205L7.545 6H4.198a.75.75 0 000 1.5h3.14l-.69 5H3.302a.75.75 0 000 1.5h3.14l-.435 3.148a.75.75 0 001.486.205L7.955 14h2.986l-.434 3.148a.75.75 0 001.486.205L12.456 14h3.346a.75.75 0 000-1.5h-3.14l.69-5h3.346a.75.75 0 000-1.5h-3.14l.435-3.147a.75.75 0 00-1.486-.205L12.045 6H9.059l.434-3.147zM8.852 7.5l-.69 5h2.986l.69-5H8.852z" }) }) }), "8. 字符串"] }), "\n", _jsxs(_components.p, { children: ["在C中，字符串是一种特殊的数组：由 ", _jsx(_components.code, { className: "language-auto", children: "char" }), " 组成的数组。"] }), "\n", _jsx(_components.pre, { className: "language-c", children: _jsxs(_components.code, { className: "language-c code-highlight", children: [_jsxs(_components.span, { className: "code-line", children: [_jsx(_components.span, { className: "token keyword", children: "char" }), " name", _jsx(_components.span, { className: "token punctuation", children: "[" }), _jsx(_components.span, { className: "token number", children: "7" }), _jsx(_components.span, { className: "token punctuation", children: "]" }), _jsx(_components.span, { className: "token punctuation", children: ";" }), "\n"] }), _jsxs(_components.span, { className: "code-line", children: [_jsx(_components.span, { className: "token keyword", children: "char" }), " name", _jsx(_components.span, { className: "token punctuation", children: "[" }), _jsx(_components.span, { className: "token number", children: "7" }), _jsx(_components.span, { className: "token punctuation", children: "]" }), " ", _jsx(_components.span, { className: "token operator", children: "=" }), " ", _jsx(_components.span, { className: "token string", children: "\"Flavio\"" }), _jsx(_components.span, { className: "token punctuation", children: ";" }), " ", _jsx(_components.span, { className: "token comment", children: "// 更加方便的方法，效果完全一样" }), "\n"] })] }) }), "\n", _jsxs(_components.p, { children: ["简而言之，它用于存放ASCII中的字母。你可以用 ", _jsx(_components.code, { className: "language-auto", children: "printf(\"%s\", name);" }), " 来打印一段字符串。"] }), "\n", _jsxs(_components.p, { children: ["你可能已经注意到了，这里只有6个字母，但却分配了7个字符的存储空间。这是因为字符串中最后一个字符必须是 ", _jsx(_components.code, { className: "language-auto", children: "0" }), "，它是字符串的终止符号，我们必须给它留个位置。"] }), "\n", _jsxs(_components.p, { children: ["说到操作字符串，C提供了一个非常重要的标准库：", _jsx(_components.code, { className: "language-auto", children: "string.h" }), "。"] }), "\n", _jsx(_components.p, { children: "有这些函数可供你使用：" }), "\n", _jsxs(_components.ul, { children: ["\n", _jsxs(_components.li, { children: [_jsx(_components.code, { className: "language-auto", children: "strcpy()" }), "：将一个字符串复制到另一个字符串"] }), "\n", _jsxs(_components.li, { children: [_jsx(_components.code, { className: "language-auto", children: "strcat()" }), "：将一个字符串追加到另一个字符串"] }), "\n", _jsxs(_components.li, { children: [_jsx(_components.code, { className: "language-auto", children: "strcmp()" }), "：比较两个字符串是否相等"] }), "\n", _jsxs(_components.li, { children: [_jsx(_components.code, { className: "language-auto", children: "strncmp()" }), "：比较两个字符串的前 ", _jsx(_components.code, { className: "language-auto", children: "n" }), " 个字符"] }), "\n", _jsxs(_components.li, { children: [_jsx(_components.code, { className: "language-auto", children: "strlen()" }), "：计算字符串的长度"] }), "\n"] }), "\n", _jsxs(_components.h2, { id: "9-指针", children: [_jsx(_components.a, { className: "heading-link", href: "#9-指针", children: _jsx(_components.svg, { xmlns: "http:www.w3.org/2000/svg", fill: "#ab2b65", viewBox: "0 0 20 20", className: "w-5 h-5", children: _jsx(_components.path, { fillRule: "evenodd", clipRule: "evenodd", d: "M9.493 2.853a.75.75 0 00-1.486-.205L7.545 6H4.198a.75.75 0 000 1.5h3.14l-.69 5H3.302a.75.75 0 000 1.5h3.14l-.435 3.148a.75.75 0 001.486.205L7.955 14h2.986l-.434 3.148a.75.75 0 001.486.205L12.456 14h3.346a.75.75 0 000-1.5h-3.14l.69-5h3.346a.75.75 0 000-1.5h-3.14l.435-3.147a.75.75 0 00-1.486-.205L12.045 6H9.059l.434-3.147zM8.852 7.5l-.69 5h2.986l.69-5H8.852z" }) }) }), "9. 指针"] }), "\n", _jsx(_components.p, { children: "这是C语言中最负盛名的一个知识点。如果你没学过数据结构，它肯定是你啃的第一个难点。" }), "\n", _jsxs(_components.p, { children: ["当你声明一个整数时，可以用 ", _jsx(_components.code, { className: "language-auto", children: "&" }), " 运算符获取内存中该变量的地址。"] }), "\n", _jsx(_components.pre, { className: "language-c", children: _jsxs(_components.code, { className: "language-c code-highlight", children: [_jsxs(_components.span, { className: "code-line", children: [_jsxs(_components.span, { className: "token macro property", children: [_jsx(_components.span, { className: "token directive-hash", children: "#" }), _jsx(_components.span, { className: "token directive keyword", children: "include" }), " ", _jsx(_components.span, { className: "token string", children: "" })] }), "\n"] }), _jsx(_components.span, { className: "code-line", children: "\n" }), _jsxs(_components.span, { className: "code-line", children: [_jsx(_components.span, { className: "token keyword", children: "int" }), " ", _jsx(_components.span, { className: "token function", children: "main" }), _jsx(_components.span, { className: "token punctuation", children: "(" }), _jsx(_components.span, { className: "token keyword", children: "void" }), _jsx(_components.span, { className: "token punctuation", children: ")" }), "\n"] }), _jsxs(_components.span, { className: "code-line", children: [_jsx(_components.span, { className: "token punctuation", children: "{" }), "\n"] }), _jsxs(_components.span, { className: "code-line", children: [" ", _jsx(_components.span, { className: "token keyword", children: "int" }), " a ", _jsx(_components.span, { className: "token operator", children: "=" }), " ", _jsx(_components.span, { className: "token number", children: "3" }), _jsx(_components.span, { className: "token punctuation", children: ";" }), "\n"] }), _jsxs(_components.span, { className: "code-line", children: [" ", _jsx(_components.span, { className: "token function", children: "printf" }), _jsx(_components.span, { className: "token punctuation", children: "(" }), _jsx(_components.span, { className: "token string", children: "\"%p\"" }), _jsx(_components.span, { className: "token punctuation", children: "," }), " ", _jsx(_components.span, { className: "token operator", children: "&" }), "a", _jsx(_components.span, { className: "token punctuation", children: ")" }), _jsx(_components.span, { className: "token punctuation", children: ";" }), " ", _jsx(_components.span, { className: "token comment", children: "// %p 表示格式化输出地址" }), "\n"] }), _jsxs(_components.span, { className: "code-line", children: [_jsx(_components.span, { className: "token punctuation", children: "}" }), _jsx(_components.span, { className: "token punctuation", children: ";" }), "\n"] })] }) }), "\n", _jsx(_components.p, { children: "我们可以将该地址赋值给一个变量：" }), "\n", _jsx(_components.pre, { className: "language-c", children: _jsx(_components.code, { className: "language-c code-highlight", children: _jsxs(_components.span, { className: "code-line", children: [_jsx(_components.span, { className: "token keyword", children: "int" }), " addr ", _jsx(_components.span, { className: "token operator", children: "=" }), " ", _jsx(_components.span, { className: "token operator", children: "&" }), "a", _jsx(_components.span, { className: "token punctuation", children: ";" }), " ", _jsx(_components.span, { className: "token comment", children: "// 我报错了！" }), "\n"] }) }) }), "\n", _jsx(_components.p, { children: "或者定义一个指针，让它指向这个地址：" }), "\n", _jsx(_components.pre, { className: "language-c", children: _jsxs(_components.code, { className: "language-c code-highlight", children: [_jsxs(_components.span, { className: "code-line", children: [_jsxs(_components.span, { className: "token macro property", children: [_jsx(_components.span, { className: "token directive-hash", children: "#" }), _jsx(_components.span, { className: "token directive keyword", children: "include" }), " ", _jsx(_components.span, { className: "token string", children: "" })] }), "\n"] }), _jsx(_components.span, { className: "code-line", children: "\n" }), _jsxs(_components.span, { className: "code-line", children: [_jsx(_components.span, { className: "token keyword", children: "int" }), " ", _jsx(_components.span, { className: "token function", children: "main" }), _jsx(_components.span, { className: "token punctuation", children: "(" }), _jsx(_components.span, { className: "token keyword", children: "void" }), _jsx(_components.span, { className: "token punctuation", children: ")" }), "\n"] }), _jsxs(_components.span, { className: "code-line", children: [_jsx(_components.span, { className: "token punctuation", children: "{" }), "\n"] }), _jsxs(_components.span, { className: "code-line", children: [" ", _jsx(_components.span, { className: "token keyword", children: "int" }), " a ", _jsx(_components.span, { className: "token operator", children: "=" }), " ", _jsx(_components.span, { className: "token number", children: "3" }), _jsx(_components.span, { className: "token punctuation", children: ";" }), "\n"] }), _jsxs(_components.span, { className: "code-line", children: [" ", _jsx(_components.span, { className: "token keyword", children: "int" }), _jsx(_components.span, { className: "token operator", children: "*" }), " addr ", _jsx(_components.span, { className: "token operator", children: "=" }), " ", _jsx(_components.span, { className: "token operator", children: "&" }), "a", _jsx(_components.span, { className: "token punctuation", children: ";" }), "\n"] }), _jsxs(_components.span, { className: "code-line", children: [" ", _jsx(_components.span, { className: "token function", children: "printf" }), _jsx(_components.span, { className: "token punctuation", children: "(" }), _jsx(_components.span, { className: "token string", children: "\"%p\\n\"" }), _jsx(_components.span, { className: "token punctuation", children: "," }), " addr", _jsx(_components.span, { className: "token punctuation", children: ")" }), _jsx(_components.span, { className: "token punctuation", children: ";" }), " ", _jsx(_components.span, { className: "token comment", children: "// 依次打印地址" }), "\n"] }), _jsxs(_components.span, { className: "code-line", children: [" ", _jsx(_components.span, { className: "token function", children: "printf" }), _jsx(_components.span, { className: "token punctuation", children: "(" }), _jsx(_components.span, { className: "token string", children: "\"%d\\n\"" }), _jsx(_components.span, { className: "token punctuation", children: "," }), " ", _jsx(_components.span, { className: "token operator", children: "*" }), "addr", _jsx(_components.span, { className: "token punctuation", children: ")" }), _jsx(_components.span, { className: "token punctuation", children: ";" }), " ", _jsx(_components.span, { className: "token comment", children: "// 打印值" }), "\n"] }), _jsxs(_components.span, { className: "code-line", children: [_jsx(_components.span, { className: "token punctuation", children: "}" }), _jsx(_components.span, { className: "token punctuation", children: ";" }), "\n"] })] }) }), "\n", _jsx(_components.p, { children: "如果修改了指针所指的值，那么被指向的那个变量就会改变。" }), "\n", _jsx(_components.pre, { className: "language-c", children: _jsxs(_components.code, { className: "language-c code-highlight", children: [_jsxs(_components.span, { className: "code-line", children: [_jsxs(_components.span, { className: "token macro property", children: [_jsx(_components.span, { className: "token directive-hash", children: "#" }), _jsx(_components.span, { className: "token directive keyword", children: "include" }), " ", _jsx(_components.span, { className: "token string", children: "" })] }), "\n"] }), _jsx(_components.span, { className: "code-line", children: "\n" }), _jsxs(_components.span, { className: "code-line", children: [_jsx(_components.span, { className: "token keyword", children: "int" }), " ", _jsx(_components.span, { className: "token function", children: "main" }), _jsx(_components.span, { className: "token punctuation", children: "(" }), _jsx(_components.span, { className: "token keyword", children: "void" }), _jsx(_components.span, { className: "token punctuation", children: ")" }), "\n"] }), _jsxs(_components.span, { className: "code-line", children: [_jsx(_components.span, { className: "token punctuation", children: "{" }), "\n"] }), _jsxs(_components.span, { className: "code-line", children: [" ", _jsx(_components.span, { className: "token keyword", children: "int" }), " a ", _jsx(_components.span, { className: "token operator", children: "=" }), " ", _jsx(_components.span, { className: "token number", children: "3" }), _jsx(_components.span, { className: "token punctuation", children: ";" }), "\n"] }), _jsxs(_components.span, { className: "code-line", children: [" ", _jsx(_components.span, { className: "token keyword", children: "int" }), _jsx(_components.span, { className: "token operator", children: "*" }), " addr ", _jsx(_components.span, { className: "token operator", children: "=" }), " ", _jsx(_components.span, { className: "token operator", children: "&" }), "a", _jsx(_components.span, { className: "token punctuation", children: ";" }), "\n"] }), _jsxs(_components.span, { className: "code-line", children: [" ", _jsx(_components.span, { className: "token function", children: "printf" }), _jsx(_components.span, { className: "token punctuation", children: "(" }), _jsx(_components.span, { className: "token string", children: "\"%p\\n\"" }), _jsx(_components.span, { className: "token punctuation", children: "," }), " addr", _jsx(_components.span, { className: "token punctuation", children: ")" }), _jsx(_components.span, { className: "token punctuation", children: ";" }), "\n"] }), _jsxs(_components.span, { className: "code-line", children: [" ", _jsx(_components.span, { className: "token function", children: "printf" }), _jsx(_components.span, { className: "token punctuation", children: "(" }), _jsx(_components.span, { className: "token string", children: "\"%d\\n\"" }), _jsx(_components.span, { className: "token punctuation", children: "," }), " ", _jsx(_components.span, { className: "token operator", children: "*" }), "addr", _jsx(_components.span, { className: "token punctuation", children: ")" }), _jsx(_components.span, { className: "token punctuation", children: ";" }), "\n"] }), _jsxs(_components.span, { className: "code-line", children: [" ", _jsx(_components.span, { className: "token comment", children: "// 修改指针所指向地址的值" }), "\n"] }), _jsxs(_components.span, { className: "code-line", children: [" ", _jsx(_components.span, { className: "token operator", children: "*" }), "addr ", _jsx(_components.span, { className: "token operator", children: "=" }), " ", _jsx(_components.span, { className: "token number", children: "15" }), _jsx(_components.span, { className: "token punctuation", children: ";" }), "\n"] }), _jsxs(_components.span, { className: "code-line", children: [" ", _jsx(_components.span, { className: "token function", children: "printf" }), _jsx(_components.span, { className: "token punctuation", children: "(" }), _jsx(_components.span, { className: "token string", children: "\"%d\\n\"" }), _jsx(_components.span, { className: "token punctuation", children: "," }), " a", _jsx(_components.span, { className: "token punctuation", children: ")" }), _jsx(_components.span, { className: "token punctuation", children: ";" }), " ", _jsx(_components.span, { className: "token comment", children: "// 发现a变成了15" }), "\n"] }), _jsxs(_components.span, { className: "code-line", children: [" ", _jsx(_components.span, { className: "token function", children: "printf" }), _jsx(_components.span, { className: "token punctuation", children: "(" }), _jsx(_components.span, { className: "token string", children: "\"%d\\n\"" }), _jsx(_components.span, { className: "token punctuation", children: "," }), " ", _jsx(_components.span, { className: "token operator", children: "*" }), "addr", _jsx(_components.span, { className: "token punctuation", children: ")" }), _jsx(_components.span, { className: "token punctuation", children: ";" }), " ", _jsx(_components.span, { className: "token comment", children: "// 发现addr变成了15" }), "\n"] }), _jsxs(_components.span, { className: "code-line", children: [_jsx(_components.span, { className: "token punctuation", children: "}" }), _jsx(_components.span, { className: "token punctuation", children: ";" }), "\n"] })] }) }), "\n", _jsx(_components.p, { children: "我们可以用指针指向一个数组，用法和正常使用数组一样。" }), "\n", _jsx(_components.pre, { className: "language-c", children: _jsxs(_components.code, { className: "language-c code-highlight", children: [_jsxs(_components.span, { className: "code-line", children: [_jsxs(_components.span, { className: "token macro property", children: [_jsx(_components.span, { className: "token directive-hash", children: "#" }), _jsx(_components.span, { className: "token directive keyword", children: "include" }), " ", _jsx(_components.span, { className: "token string", children: "" })] }), "\n"] }), _jsxs(_components.span, { className: "code-line", children: [_jsx(_components.span, { className: "token keyword", children: "int" }), " arr", _jsx(_components.span, { className: "token punctuation", children: "[" }), _jsx(_components.span, { className: "token punctuation", children: "]" }), " ", _jsx(_components.span, { className: "token operator", children: "=" }), " ", _jsx(_components.span, { className: "token punctuation", children: "{" }), _jsx(_components.span, { className: "token number", children: "12" }), _jsx(_components.span, { className: "token punctuation", children: "," }), " ", _jsx(_components.span, { className: "token number", children: "23" }), _jsx(_components.span, { className: "token punctuation", children: "," }), " ", _jsx(_components.span, { className: "token number", children: "34" }), _jsx(_components.span, { className: "token punctuation", children: "," }), " ", _jsx(_components.span, { className: "token number", children: "45" }), _jsx(_components.span, { className: "token punctuation", children: "," }), " ", _jsx(_components.span, { className: "token number", children: "56" }), _jsx(_components.span, { className: "token punctuation", children: "}" }), _jsx(_components.span, { className: "token punctuation", children: ";" }), "\n"] }), _jsxs(_components.span, { className: "code-line", children: [_jsx(_components.span, { className: "token keyword", children: "int" }), " ", _jsx(_components.span, { className: "token function", children: "main" }), _jsx(_components.span, { className: "token punctuation", children: "(" }), _jsx(_components.span, { className: "token keyword", children: "void" }), _jsx(_components.span, { className: "token punctuation", children: ")" }), "\n"] }), _jsxs(_components.span, { className: "code-line", children: [_jsx(_components.span, { className: "token punctuation", children: "{" }), "\n"] }), _jsxs(_components.span, { className: "code-line", children: [" ", _jsx(_components.span, { className: "token keyword", children: "int" }), " ", _jsx(_components.span, { className: "token operator", children: "*" }), "p ", _jsx(_components.span, { className: "token operator", children: "=" }), " arr", _jsx(_components.span, { className: "token punctuation", children: ";" }), "\n"] }), _jsxs(_components.span, { className: "code-line", children: [" ", _jsx(_components.span, { className: "token function", children: "printf" }), _jsx(_components.span, { className: "token punctuation", children: "(" }), _jsx(_components.span, { className: "token string", children: "\"%d\\n\"" }), _jsx(_components.span, { className: "token punctuation", children: "," }), " ", _jsx(_components.span, { className: "token operator", children: "*" }), "p", _jsx(_components.span, { className: "token punctuation", children: ")" }), _jsx(_components.span, { className: "token punctuation", children: ";" }), "\n"] }), _jsxs(_components.span, { className: "code-line", children: [" ", _jsx(_components.span, { className: "token function", children: "printf" }), _jsx(_components.span, { className: "token punctuation", children: "(" }), _jsx(_components.span, { className: "token string", children: "\"%d\\n\"" }), _jsx(_components.span, { className: "token punctuation", children: "," }), " p", _jsx(_components.span, { className: "token punctuation", children: "[" }), _jsx(_components.span, { className: "token number", children: "2" }), _jsx(_components.span, { className: "token punctuation", children: "]" }), _jsx(_components.span, { className: "token punctuation", children: ")" }), _jsx(_components.span, { className: "token punctuation", children: ";" }), "\n"] }), _jsxs(_components.span, { className: "code-line", children: [" ", _jsx(_components.span, { className: "token function", children: "printf" }), _jsx(_components.span, { className: "token punctuation", children: "(" }), _jsx(_components.span, { className: "token string", children: "\"%d\\n\"" }), _jsx(_components.span, { className: "token punctuation", children: "," }), " ", _jsx(_components.span, { className: "token operator", children: "*" }), _jsx(_components.span, { className: "token punctuation", children: "(" }), "p", _jsx(_components.span, { className: "token operator", children: "+" }), _jsx(_components.span, { className: "token number", children: "1" }), _jsx(_components.span, { className: "token punctuation", children: ")" }), _jsx(_components.span, { className: "token punctuation", children: ")" }), _jsx(_components.span, { className: "token punctuation", children: ";" }), "\n"] }), _jsxs(_components.span, { className: "code-line", children: [_jsx(_components.span, { className: "token punctuation", children: "}" }), _jsx(_components.span, { className: "token punctuation", children: ";" }), "\n"] })] }) }), "\n", _jsx(_components.p, { children: "我们可以用指针做很多美妙的字符串操作，因为字符串的底层就是char构成的数组。" }), "\n", _jsxs(_components.h2, { id: "10-函数", children: [_jsx(_components.a, { className: "heading-link", href: "#10-函数", children: _jsx(_components.svg, { xmlns: "http:www.w3.org/2000/svg", fill: "#ab2b65", viewBox: "0 0 20 20", className: "w-5 h-5", children: _jsx(_components.path, { fillRule: "evenodd", clipRule: "evenodd", d: "M9.493 2.853a.75.75 0 00-1.486-.205L7.545 6H4.198a.75.75 0 000 1.5h3.14l-.69 5H3.302a.75.75 0 000 1.5h3.14l-.435 3.148a.75.75 0 001.486.205L7.955 14h2.986l-.434 3.148a.75.75 0 001.486.205L12.456 14h3.346a.75.75 0 000-1.5h-3.14l.69-5h3.346a.75.75 0 000-1.5h-3.14l.435-3.147a.75.75 0 00-1.486-.205L12.045 6H9.059l.434-3.147zM8.852 7.5l-.69 5h2.986l.69-5H8.852z" }) }) }), "10. 函数"] }), "\n", _jsx(_components.p, { children: "重点看看指针在函数中是怎么用的。" }), "\n", _jsx(_components.p, { children: "我们来把玩一番：" }), "\n", _jsx(_components.pre, { className: "language-c", children: _jsxs(_components.code, { className: "language-c code-highlight", children: [_jsxs(_components.span, { className: "code-line", children: [_jsxs(_components.span, { className: "token macro property", children: [_jsx(_components.span, { className: "token directive-hash", children: "#" }), _jsx(_components.span, { className: "token directive keyword", children: "include" }), " ", _jsx(_components.span, { className: "token string", children: "" })] }), "\n"] }), _jsx(_components.span, { className: "code-line", children: "\n" }), _jsxs(_components.span, { className: "code-line", children: [_jsx(_components.span, { className: "token keyword", children: "int" }), _jsx(_components.span, { className: "token operator", children: "*" }), " ", _jsx(_components.span, { className: "token function", children: "test" }), _jsx(_components.span, { className: "token punctuation", children: "(" }), _jsx(_components.span, { className: "token keyword", children: "int" }), " ", _jsx(_components.span, { className: "token operator", children: "*" }), " a", _jsx(_components.span, { className: "token punctuation", children: ")" }), " ", _jsx(_components.span, { className: "token punctuation", children: "{" }), "\n"] }), _jsxs(_components.span, { className: "code-line", children: [" ", _jsx(_components.span, { className: "token function", children: "printf" }), _jsx(_components.span, { className: "token punctuation", children: "(" }), _jsx(_components.span, { className: "token string", children: "\"test: %d\\n\"" }), _jsx(_components.span, { className: "token punctuation", children: "," }), " ", _jsx(_components.span, { className: "token operator", children: "*" }), "a", _jsx(_components.span, { className: "token punctuation", children: ")" }), _jsx(_components.span, { className: "token punctuation", children: ";" }), " ", _jsx(_components.span, { className: "token comment", children: "// test: 114514" }), "\n"] }), _jsxs(_components.span, { className: "code-line", children: [" ", _jsx(_components.span, { className: "token keyword", children: "int" }), " ", _jsx(_components.span, { className: "token operator", children: "*" }), " b ", _jsx(_components.span, { className: "token operator", children: "=" }), " a", _jsx(_components.span, { className: "token punctuation", children: ";" }), "\n"] }), _jsxs(_components.span, { className: "code-line", children: [" ", _jsx(_components.span, { className: "token keyword", children: "return" }), " b", _jsx(_components.span, { className: "token punctuation", children: ";" }), "\n"] }), _jsxs(_components.span, { className: "code-line", children: [_jsx(_components.span, { className: "token punctuation", children: "}" }), "\n"] }), _jsx(_components.span, { className: "code-line", children: "\n" }), _jsxs(_components.span, { className: "code-line", children: [_jsx(_components.span, { className: "token keyword", children: "int" }), " ", _jsx(_components.span, { className: "token function", children: "main" }), _jsx(_components.span, { className: "token punctuation", children: "(" }), _jsx(_components.span, { className: "token keyword", children: "void" }), _jsx(_components.span, { className: "token punctuation", children: ")" }), "\n"] }), _jsxs(_components.span, { className: "code-line", children: [_jsx(_components.span, { className: "token punctuation", children: "{" }), "\n"] }), _jsxs(_components.span, { className: "code-line", children: [" ", _jsx(_components.span, { className: "token keyword", children: "int" }), " a ", _jsx(_components.span, { className: "token operator", children: "=" }), " ", _jsx(_components.span, { className: "token number", children: "114514" }), _jsx(_components.span, { className: "token punctuation", children: ";" }), "\n"] }), _jsxs(_components.span, { className: "code-line", children: [" ", _jsx(_components.span, { className: "token keyword", children: "int" }), " ", _jsx(_components.span, { className: "token operator", children: "*" }), "p ", _jsx(_components.span, { className: "token operator", children: "=" }), " ", _jsx(_components.span, { className: "token operator", children: "&" }), "a", _jsx(_components.span, { className: "token punctuation", children: ";" }), "\n"] }), _jsxs(_components.span, { className: "code-line", children: [" ", _jsx(_components.span, { className: "token keyword", children: "int" }), " ", _jsx(_components.span, { className: "token operator", children: "*" }), "p2 ", _jsx(_components.span, { className: "token operator", children: "=" }), " ", _jsx(_components.span, { className: "token function", children: "test" }), _jsx(_components.span, { className: "token punctuation", children: "(" }), "p", _jsx(_components.span, { className: "token punctuation", children: ")" }), _jsx(_components.span, { className: "token punctuation", children: ";" }), "\n"] }), _jsxs(_components.span, { className: "code-line", children: [" ", _jsx(_components.span, { className: "token function", children: "printf" }), _jsx(_components.span, { className: "token punctuation", children: "(" }), _jsx(_components.span, { className: "token string", children: "\"p2: %d\\n\"" }), _jsx(_components.span, { className: "token punctuation", children: "," }), " ", _jsx(_components.span, { className: "token operator", children: "*" }), "p2", _jsx(_components.span, { className: "token punctuation", children: ")" }), _jsx(_components.span, { className: "token punctuation", children: ";" }), " ", _jsx(_components.span, { className: "token comment", children: "// p2: 114514" }), "\n"] }), _jsxs(_components.span, { className: "code-line", children: [_jsx(_components.span, { className: "token punctuation", children: "}" }), _jsx(_components.span, { className: "token punctuation", children: ";" }), "\n"] })] }) }), "\n", _jsxs(_components.h2, { id: "11-输入与输出", children: [_jsx(_components.a, { className: "heading-link", href: "#11-输入与输出", children: _jsx(_components.svg, { xmlns: "http:www.w3.org/2000/svg", fill: "#ab2b65", viewBox: "0 0 20 20", className: "w-5 h-5", children: _jsx(_components.path, { fillRule: "evenodd", clipRule: "evenodd", d: "M9.493 2.853a.75.75 0 00-1.486-.205L7.545 6H4.198a.75.75 0 000 1.5h3.14l-.69 5H3.302a.75.75 0 000 1.5h3.14l-.435 3.148a.75.75 0 001.486.205L7.955 14h2.986l-.434 3.148a.75.75 0 001.486.205L12.456 14h3.346a.75.75 0 000-1.5h-3.14l.69-5h3.346a.75.75 0 000-1.5h-3.14l.435-3.147a.75.75 0 00-1.486-.205L12.045 6H9.059l.434-3.147zM8.852 7.5l-.69 5h2.986l.69-5H8.852z" }) }) }), "11. 输入与输出"] }), "\n", _jsx(_components.p, { children: "格式指示符：" }), "\n", _jsxs(_components.ul, { children: ["\n", _jsxs(_components.li, { children: [_jsx(_components.code, { className: "language-auto", children: "%c" }), " 用于字符"] }), "\n", _jsxs(_components.li, { children: [_jsx(_components.code, { className: "language-auto", children: "%s" }), " 用于字符串"] }), "\n", _jsxs(_components.li, { children: [_jsx(_components.code, { className: "language-auto", children: "%f" }), " 用于浮点数"] }), "\n", _jsxs(_components.li, { children: [_jsx(_components.code, { className: "language-auto", children: "%p" }), " 用于指针"] }), "\n"] }), "\n", _jsxs(_components.p, { children: ["输入使用 ", _jsx(_components.code, { className: "language-auto", children: "scanf(\"\")" }), "。"] }), "\n", _jsx(_components.pre, { className: "language-c", children: _jsxs(_components.code, { className: "language-c code-highlight", children: [_jsxs(_components.span, { className: "code-line", children: [_jsxs(_components.span, { className: "token macro property", children: [_jsx(_components.span, { className: "token directive-hash", children: "#" }), _jsx(_components.span, { className: "token directive keyword", children: "include" }), " ", _jsx(_components.span, { className: "token string", children: "" })] }), "\n"] }), _jsx(_components.span, { className: "code-line", children: "\n" }), _jsxs(_components.span, { className: "code-line", children: [_jsx(_components.span, { className: "token keyword", children: "int" }), " ", _jsx(_components.span, { className: "token function", children: "main" }), _jsx(_components.span, { className: "token punctuation", children: "(" }), _jsx(_components.span, { className: "token keyword", children: "void" }), _jsx(_components.span, { className: "token punctuation", children: ")" }), " ", _jsx(_components.span, { className: "token punctuation", children: "{" }), "\n"] }), _jsxs(_components.span, { className: "code-line", children: [" ", _jsx(_components.span, { className: "token keyword", children: "int" }), " a", _jsx(_components.span, { className: "token punctuation", children: ";" }), "\n"] }), _jsxs(_components.span, { className: "code-line", children: [" ", _jsx(_components.span, { className: "token function", children: "scanf" }), _jsx(_components.span, { className: "token punctuation", children: "(" }), _jsx(_components.span, { className: "token string", children: "\"%d\"" }), _jsx(_components.span, { className: "token punctuation", children: "," }), " ", _jsx(_components.span, { className: "token operator", children: "&" }), "a", _jsx(_components.span, { className: "token punctuation", children: ")" }), _jsx(_components.span, { className: "token punctuation", children: ";" }), "\n"] }), _jsxs(_components.span, { className: "code-line", children: [" ", _jsx(_components.span, { className: "token function", children: "printf" }), _jsx(_components.span, { className: "token punctuation", children: "(" }), _jsx(_components.span, { className: "token string", children: "\"%d\\n\"" }), _jsx(_components.span, { className: "token punctuation", children: "," }), " a", _jsx(_components.span, { className: "token punctuation", children: ")" }), _jsx(_components.span, { className: "token punctuation", children: ";" }), "\n"] }), _jsxs(_components.span, { className: "code-line", children: [_jsx(_components.span, { className: "token punctuation", children: "}" }), "\n"] })] }) }), "\n", _jsx(_components.p, { children: "输入函数需要传递一个地址，可见其实现一定使用到了指针或者某种地址的操作。" }), "\n", _jsxs(_components.h2, { id: "12-变量作用域", children: [_jsx(_components.a, { className: "heading-link", href: "#12-变量作用域", children: _jsx(_components.svg, { xmlns: "http:www.w3.org/2000/svg", fill: "#ab2b65", viewBox: "0 0 20 20", className: "w-5 h-5", children: _jsx(_components.path, { fillRule: "evenodd", clipRule: "evenodd", d: "M9.493 2.853a.75.75 0 00-1.486-.205L7.545 6H4.198a.75.75 0 000 1.5h3.14l-.69 5H3.302a.75.75 0 000 1.5h3.14l-.435 3.148a.75.75 0 001.486.205L7.955 14h2.986l-.434 3.148a.75.75 0 001.486.205L12.456 14h3.346a.75.75 0 000-1.5h-3.14l.69-5h3.346a.75.75 0 000-1.5h-3.14l.435-3.147a.75.75 0 00-1.486-.205L12.045 6H9.059l.434-3.147zM8.852 7.5l-.69 5h2.986l.69-5H8.852z" }) }) }), "12. 变量作用域"] }), "\n", _jsxs(_components.h2, { id: "13-静态变量", children: [_jsx(_components.a, { className: "heading-link", href: "#13-静态变量", children: _jsx(_components.svg, { xmlns: "http:www.w3.org/2000/svg", fill: "#ab2b65", viewBox: "0 0 20 20", className: "w-5 h-5", children: _jsx(_components.path, { fillRule: "evenodd", clipRule: "evenodd", d: "M9.493 2.853a.75.75 0 00-1.486-.205L7.545 6H4.198a.75.75 0 000 1.5h3.14l-.69 5H3.302a.75.75 0 000 1.5h3.14l-.435 3.148a.75.75 0 001.486.205L7.955 14h2.986l-.434 3.148a.75.75 0 001.486.205L12.456 14h3.346a.75.75 0 000-1.5h-3.14l.69-5h3.346a.75.75 0 000-1.5h-3.14l.435-3.147a.75.75 0 00-1.486-.205L12.045 6H9.059l.434-3.147zM8.852 7.5l-.69 5h2.986l.69-5H8.852z" }) }) }), "13. 静态变量"] }), "\n", _jsxs(_components.h2, { id: "14-全局变量", children: [_jsx(_components.a, { className: "heading-link", href: "#14-全局变量", children: _jsx(_components.svg, { xmlns: "http:www.w3.org/2000/svg", fill: "#ab2b65", viewBox: "0 0 20 20", className: "w-5 h-5", children: _jsx(_components.path, { fillRule: "evenodd", clipRule: "evenodd", d: "M9.493 2.853a.75.75 0 00-1.486-.205L7.545 6H4.198a.75.75 0 000 1.5h3.14l-.69 5H3.302a.75.75 0 000 1.5h3.14l-.435 3.148a.75.75 0 001.486.205L7.955 14h2.986l-.434 3.148a.75.75 0 001.486.205L12.456 14h3.346a.75.75 0 000-1.5h-3.14l.69-5h3.346a.75.75 0 000-1.5h-3.14l.435-3.147a.75.75 0 00-1.486-.205L12.045 6H9.059l.434-3.147zM8.852 7.5l-.69 5h2.986l.69-5H8.852z" }) }) }), "14. 全局变量"] }), "\n", _jsxs(_components.h2, { id: "15-类型定义", children: [_jsx(_components.a, { className: "heading-link", href: "#15-类型定义", children: _jsx(_components.svg, { xmlns: "http:www.w3.org/2000/svg", fill: "#ab2b65", viewBox: "0 0 20 20", className: "w-5 h-5", children: _jsx(_components.path, { fillRule: "evenodd", clipRule: "evenodd", d: "M9.493 2.853a.75.75 0 00-1.486-.205L7.545 6H4.198a.75.75 0 000 1.5h3.14l-.69 5H3.302a.75.75 0 000 1.5h3.14l-.435 3.148a.75.75 0 001.486.205L7.955 14h2.986l-.434 3.148a.75.75 0 001.486.205L12.456 14h3.346a.75.75 0 000-1.5h-3.14l.69-5h3.346a.75.75 0 000-1.5h-3.14l.435-3.147a.75.75 0 00-1.486-.205L12.045 6H9.059l.434-3.147zM8.852 7.5l-.69 5h2.986l.69-5H8.852z" }) }) }), "15. 类型定义"] }), "\n", _jsxs(_components.p, { children: ["C中的 ", _jsx(_components.code, { className: "language-auto", children: "typedef" }), " 关键字允许你定义新的类型。"] }), "\n", _jsxs(_components.p, { children: ["其格式为：", _jsx(_components.code, { className: "language-auto", children: "typdef EXISTING_TYPE YOUR_NEW_TYPE" }), "。"] }), "\n", _jsx(_components.pre, { className: "language-c", children: _jsxs(_components.code, { className: "language-c code-highlight", children: [_jsxs(_components.span, { className: "code-line", children: [_jsxs(_components.span, { className: "token macro property", children: [_jsx(_components.span, { className: "token directive-hash", children: "#" }), _jsx(_components.span, { className: "token directive keyword", children: "include" }), " ", _jsx(_components.span, { className: "token string", children: "" })] }), "\n"] }), _jsxs(_components.span, { className: "code-line", children: [_jsx(_components.span, { className: "token keyword", children: "typedef" }), " ", _jsx(_components.span, { className: "token keyword", children: "int" }), " MY", _jsx(_components.span, { className: "token punctuation", children: ";" }), "\n"] }), _jsxs(_components.span, { className: "code-line", children: [_jsx(_components.span, { className: "token keyword", children: "int" }), " ", _jsx(_components.span, { className: "token function", children: "main" }), _jsx(_components.span, { className: "token punctuation", children: "(" }), _jsx(_components.span, { className: "token keyword", children: "void" }), _jsx(_components.span, { className: "token punctuation", children: ")" }), " ", _jsx(_components.span, { className: "token punctuation", children: "{" }), "\n"] }), _jsxs(_components.span, { className: "code-line", children: [" MY a ", _jsx(_components.span, { className: "token operator", children: "=" }), " ", _jsx(_components.span, { className: "token number", children: "3" }), _jsx(_components.span, { className: "token punctuation", children: ";" }), "\n"] }), _jsxs(_components.span, { className: "code-line", children: [" ", _jsx(_components.span, { className: "token function", children: "printf" }), _jsx(_components.span, { className: "token punctuation", children: "(" }), _jsx(_components.span, { className: "token string", children: "\"%d\"" }), _jsx(_components.span, { className: "token punctuation", children: "," }), " a", _jsx(_components.span, { className: "token punctuation", children: ")" }), _jsx(_components.span, { className: "token punctuation", children: ";" }), " ", _jsx(_components.span, { className: "token comment", children: "// 3" }), "\n"] }), _jsxs(_components.span, { className: "code-line", children: [_jsx(_components.span, { className: "token punctuation", children: "}" }), "\n"] })] }) }), "\n", _jsxs(_components.p, { children: ["你可能会问，这玩意有什么用？答案是当两个搭配在一起时 ", _jsx(_components.code, { className: "language-auto", children: "typedef" }), " 会非常有用："] }), "\n", _jsxs(_components.ul, { children: ["\n", _jsx(_components.li, { children: "枚举类型" }), "\n", _jsx(_components.li, { children: "结构体" }), "\n"] }), "\n", _jsxs(_components.h2, { id: "16-枚举类型", children: [_jsx(_components.a, { className: "heading-link", href: "#16-枚举类型", children: _jsx(_components.svg, { xmlns: "http:www.w3.org/2000/svg", fill: "#ab2b65", viewBox: "0 0 20 20", className: "w-5 h-5", children: _jsx(_components.path, { fillRule: "evenodd", clipRule: "evenodd", d: "M9.493 2.853a.75.75 0 00-1.486-.205L7.545 6H4.198a.75.75 0 000 1.5h3.14l-.69 5H3.302a.75.75 0 000 1.5h3.14l-.435 3.148a.75.75 0 001.486.205L7.955 14h2.986l-.434 3.148a.75.75 0 001.486.205L12.456 14h3.346a.75.75 0 000-1.5h-3.14l.69-5h3.346a.75.75 0 000-1.5h-3.14l.435-3.147a.75.75 0 00-1.486-.205L12.045 6H9.059l.434-3.147zM8.852 7.5l-.69 5h2.986l.69-5H8.852z" }) }) }), "16. 枚举类型"] }), "\n", _jsxs(_components.p, { children: ["使用 ", _jsx(_components.code, { className: "language-auto", children: "typedef" }), " 和 ", _jsx(_components.code, { className: "language-auto", children: "enum" }), " 关键字，我们可以定义具有指定值的类型。这是 ", _jsx(_components.code, { className: "language-auto", children: "typedef" }), " 关键字最重要的使用场景之一。"] }), "\n", _jsx(_components.p, { children: "这是枚举类型的语法：" }), "\n", _jsx(_components.pre, { className: "language-c", children: _jsxs(_components.code, { className: "language-c code-highlight", children: [_jsxs(_components.span, { className: "code-line", children: [_jsx(_components.span, { className: "token keyword", children: "typedef" }), " ", _jsx(_components.span, { className: "token keyword", children: "enum" }), " ", _jsx(_components.span, { className: "token punctuation", children: "{" }), "\n"] }), _jsxs(_components.span, { className: "code-line", children: [" true", _jsx(_components.span, { className: "token punctuation", children: "," }), "\n"] }), _jsx(_components.span, { className: "code-line", children: " false\n" }), _jsxs(_components.span, { className: "code-line", children: [_jsx(_components.span, { className: "token punctuation", children: "}" }), "Boolean", _jsx(_components.span, { className: "token punctuation", children: ";" }), "\n"] })] }) }), "\n", _jsxs(_components.blockquote, { children: ["\n", _jsx(_components.p, { children: "我认为这个例子很奇怪。" }), "\n"] }), "\n", _jsx(_components.p, { children: "下面这个例子会更好一些：" }), "\n", _jsx(_components.pre, { className: "language-c", children: _jsxs(_components.code, { className: "language-c code-highlight", children: [_jsxs(_components.span, { className: "code-line", children: [_jsxs(_components.span, { className: "token macro property", children: [_jsx(_components.span, { className: "token directive-hash", children: "#" }), _jsx(_components.span, { className: "token directive keyword", children: "include" }), " ", _jsx(_components.span, { className: "token string", children: "" })] }), "\n"] }), _jsxs(_components.span, { className: "code-line", children: [_jsx(_components.span, { className: "token keyword", children: "typedef" }), " ", _jsx(_components.span, { className: "token keyword", children: "enum" }), " ", _jsx(_components.span, { className: "token punctuation", children: "{" }), "\n"] }), _jsxs(_components.span, { className: "code-line", children: [" monday", _jsx(_components.span, { className: "token punctuation", children: "," }), " ", _jsx(_components.span, { className: "token comment", children: "// 0" }), "\n"] }), _jsxs(_components.span, { className: "code-line", children: [" tuesday", _jsx(_components.span, { className: "token punctuation", children: "," }), " ", _jsx(_components.span, { className: "token comment", children: "// 1" }), "\n"] }), _jsxs(_components.span, { className: "code-line", children: [" wednesday", _jsx(_components.span, { className: "token punctuation", children: "," }), " ", _jsx(_components.span, { className: "token comment", children: "// 2" }), "\n"] }), _jsxs(_components.span, { className: "code-line", children: [" thursday", _jsx(_components.span, { className: "token punctuation", children: "," }), " ", _jsx(_components.span, { className: "token comment", children: "// 3" }), "\n"] }), _jsxs(_components.span, { className: "code-line", children: [" friday", _jsx(_components.span, { className: "token punctuation", children: "," }), " ", _jsx(_components.span, { className: "token comment", children: "// 4" }), "\n"] }), _jsxs(_components.span, { className: "code-line", children: [" saturday", _jsx(_components.span, { className: "token punctuation", children: "," }), "\n"] }), _jsx(_components.span, { className: "code-line", children: " sunday\n" }), _jsxs(_components.span, { className: "code-line", children: [_jsx(_components.span, { className: "token punctuation", children: "}" }), " WEEKDAY", _jsx(_components.span, { className: "token punctuation", children: ";" }), "\n"] }), _jsx(_components.span, { className: "code-line", children: "\n" }), _jsx(_components.span, { className: "code-line", children: "\n" }), _jsxs(_components.span, { className: "code-line", children: [_jsx(_components.span, { className: "token keyword", children: "int" }), " ", _jsx(_components.span, { className: "token function", children: "main" }), _jsx(_components.span, { className: "token punctuation", children: "(" }), _jsx(_components.span, { className: "token keyword", children: "void" }), _jsx(_components.span, { className: "token punctuation", children: ")" }), " ", _jsx(_components.span, { className: "token punctuation", children: "{" }), "\n"] }), _jsxs(_components.span, { className: "code-line", children: [" WEEKDAY a ", _jsx(_components.span, { className: "token operator", children: "=" }), " monday", _jsx(_components.span, { className: "token punctuation", children: ";" }), "\n"] }), _jsxs(_components.span, { className: "code-line", children: [" ", _jsx(_components.span, { className: "token function", children: "printf" }), _jsx(_components.span, { className: "token punctuation", children: "(" }), _jsx(_components.span, { className: "token string", children: "\"%d\\n\"" }), _jsx(_components.span, { className: "token punctuation", children: "," }), " a", _jsx(_components.span, { className: "token punctuation", children: ")" }), _jsx(_components.span, { className: "token punctuation", children: ";" }), " ", _jsx(_components.span, { className: "token comment", children: "// 0" }), "\n"] }), _jsxs(_components.span, { className: "code-line", children: [" a ", _jsx(_components.span, { className: "token operator", children: "=" }), " tuesday", _jsx(_components.span, { className: "token punctuation", children: ";" }), "\n"] }), _jsxs(_components.span, { className: "code-line", children: [" ", _jsx(_components.span, { className: "token function", children: "printf" }), _jsx(_components.span, { className: "token punctuation", children: "(" }), _jsx(_components.span, { className: "token string", children: "\"%d\\n\"" }), _jsx(_components.span, { className: "token punctuation", children: "," }), " a", _jsx(_components.span, { className: "token punctuation", children: ")" }), _jsx(_components.span, { className: "token punctuation", children: ";" }), " ", _jsx(_components.span, { className: "token comment", children: "// 1" }), "\n"] }), _jsxs(_components.span, { className: "code-line", children: [" a ", _jsx(_components.span, { className: "token operator", children: "=" }), " wednesday", _jsx(_components.span, { className: "token punctuation", children: ";" }), "\n"] }), _jsxs(_components.span, { className: "code-line", children: [" ", _jsx(_components.span, { className: "token function", children: "printf" }), _jsx(_components.span, { className: "token punctuation", children: "(" }), _jsx(_components.span, { className: "token string", children: "\"%d\\n\"" }), _jsx(_components.span, { className: "token punctuation", children: "," }), " a", _jsx(_components.span, { className: "token punctuation", children: ")" }), _jsx(_components.span, { className: "token punctuation", children: ";" }), " ", _jsx(_components.span, { className: "token comment", children: "// 2" }), "\n"] }), _jsxs(_components.span, { className: "code-line", children: [" a ", _jsx(_components.span, { className: "token operator", children: "=" }), " thursday", _jsx(_components.span, { className: "token punctuation", children: ";" }), "\n"] }), _jsxs(_components.span, { className: "code-line", children: [" ", _jsx(_components.span, { className: "token function", children: "printf" }), _jsx(_components.span, { className: "token punctuation", children: "(" }), _jsx(_components.span, { className: "token string", children: "\"%d\\n\"" }), _jsx(_components.span, { className: "token punctuation", children: "," }), " a", _jsx(_components.span, { className: "token punctuation", children: ")" }), _jsx(_components.span, { className: "token punctuation", children: ";" }), " ", _jsx(_components.span, { className: "token comment", children: "// 3" }), "\n"] }), _jsxs(_components.span, { className: "code-line", children: [_jsx(_components.span, { className: "token punctuation", children: "}" }), "\n"] })] }) }), "\n", _jsx(_components.p, { children: "枚举类型的内部每一个变量都会与一个不同的整数进行配对，并且你可以看到是从0开始递增的。" }), "\n", _jsxs(_components.h2, { id: "17-结构体", children: [_jsx(_components.a, { className: "heading-link", href: "#17-结构体", children: _jsx(_components.svg, { xmlns: "http:www.w3.org/2000/svg", fill: "#ab2b65", viewBox: "0 0 20 20", className: "w-5 h-5", children: _jsx(_components.path, { fillRule: "evenodd", clipRule: "evenodd", d: "M9.493 2.853a.75.75 0 00-1.486-.205L7.545 6H4.198a.75.75 0 000 1.5h3.14l-.69 5H3.302a.75.75 0 000 1.5h3.14l-.435 3.148a.75.75 0 001.486.205L7.955 14h2.986l-.434 3.148a.75.75 0 001.486.205L12.456 14h3.346a.75.75 0 000-1.5h-3.14l.69-5h3.346a.75.75 0 000-1.5h-3.14l.435-3.147a.75.75 0 00-1.486-.205L12.045 6H9.059l.434-3.147zM8.852 7.5l-.69 5h2.986l.69-5H8.852z" }) }) }), "17. 结构体"] }), "\n", _jsx(_components.p, { children: "由于C语言中的数组只能存放同一种数据类型的数据，结构体就显得很好玩了。" }), "\n", _jsxs(_components.p, { children: ["语法：", _jsx(_components.code, { className: "language-auto", children: "struct {...}" }), "。"] }), "\n", _jsx(_components.p, { children: "示例：" }), "\n", _jsx(_components.pre, { className: "language-c", children: _jsxs(_components.code, { className: "language-c code-highlight", children: [_jsxs(_components.span, { className: "code-line", children: [_jsxs(_components.span, { className: "token macro property", children: [_jsx(_components.span, { className: "token directive-hash", children: "#" }), _jsx(_components.span, { className: "token directive keyword", children: "include" }), " ", _jsx(_components.span, { className: "token string", children: "" })] }), "\n"] }), _jsx(_components.span, { className: "code-line", children: "\n" }), _jsxs(_components.span, { className: "code-line", children: [_jsx(_components.span, { className: "token keyword", children: "struct" }), " ", _jsx(_components.span, { className: "token class-name", children: "person" }), " ", _jsx(_components.span, { className: "token punctuation", children: "{" }), "\n"] }), _jsxs(_components.span, { className: "code-line", children: [" ", _jsx(_components.span, { className: "token keyword", children: "int" }), " age", _jsx(_components.span, { className: "token punctuation", children: ";" }), "\n"] }), _jsxs(_components.span, { className: "code-line", children: [_jsx(_components.span, { className: "token punctuation", children: "}" }), _jsx(_components.span, { className: "token punctuation", children: ";" }), "\n"] }), _jsx(_components.span, { className: "code-line", children: "\n" }), _jsxs(_components.span, { className: "code-line", children: [_jsx(_components.span, { className: "token keyword", children: "int" }), " ", _jsx(_components.span, { className: "token function", children: "main" }), _jsx(_components.span, { className: "token punctuation", children: "(" }), _jsx(_components.span, { className: "token keyword", children: "void" }), _jsx(_components.span, { className: "token punctuation", children: ")" }), " ", _jsx(_components.span, { className: "token punctuation", children: "{" }), "\n"] }), _jsxs(_components.span, { className: "code-line", children: [" ", _jsx(_components.span, { className: "token keyword", children: "struct" }), " ", _jsx(_components.span, { className: "token class-name", children: "person" }), " a", _jsx(_components.span, { className: "token punctuation", children: ";" }), "\n"] }), _jsxs(_components.span, { className: "code-line", children: [" ", _jsx(_components.span, { className: "token function", children: "printf" }), _jsx(_components.span, { className: "token punctuation", children: "(" }), _jsx(_components.span, { className: "token string", children: "\"%d\"" }), _jsx(_components.span, { className: "token punctuation", children: "," }), " a", _jsx(_components.span, { className: "token punctuation", children: "." }), "age", _jsx(_components.span, { className: "token punctuation", children: ")" }), _jsx(_components.span, { className: "token punctuation", children: ";" }), "\n"] }), _jsxs(_components.span, { className: "code-line", children: [_jsx(_components.span, { className: "token punctuation", children: "}" }), "\n"] })] }) }), "\n", _jsxs(_components.p, { children: ["尤其需要注意的一点，尤其是对于那些过很多高级语言的人。不能把结构体直接当成对象去使用，需要用 ", _jsx(_components.code, { className: "language-auto", children: "struct" }), " 申明这是一个结构体，而不是："] }), "\n", _jsx(_components.pre, { className: "language-c", children: _jsx(_components.code, { className: "language-c code-highlight", children: _jsxs(_components.span, { className: "code-line", children: ["person a", _jsx(_components.span, { className: "token punctuation", children: ";" }), " ", _jsx(_components.span, { className: "token comment", children: "// 忽略了 struct" }), "\n"] }) }) }), "\n", _jsxs(_components.p, { children: ["如果不想每次都用 ", _jsx(_components.code, { className: "language-auto", children: "struct" }), " 来申明一个新的变量，也可以这样写："] }), "\n", _jsx(_components.pre, { className: "language-c", children: _jsxs(_components.code, { className: "language-c code-highlight", children: [_jsxs(_components.span, { className: "code-line", children: [_jsxs(_components.span, { className: "token macro property", children: [_jsx(_components.span, { className: "token directive-hash", children: "#" }), _jsx(_components.span, { className: "token directive keyword", children: "include" }), " ", _jsx(_components.span, { className: "token string", children: "" })] }), "\n"] }), _jsx(_components.span, { className: "code-line", children: "\n" }), _jsxs(_components.span, { className: "code-line", children: [_jsx(_components.span, { className: "token keyword", children: "struct" }), " ", _jsx(_components.span, { className: "token class-name", children: "person" }), " ", _jsx(_components.span, { className: "token punctuation", children: "{" }), "\n"] }), _jsxs(_components.span, { className: "code-line", children: [" ", _jsx(_components.span, { className: "token keyword", children: "int" }), " age", _jsx(_components.span, { className: "token punctuation", children: ";" }), "\n"] }), _jsxs(_components.span, { className: "code-line", children: [_jsx(_components.span, { className: "token punctuation", children: "}" }), " a", _jsx(_components.span, { className: "token punctuation", children: ";" }), "\n"] }), _jsx(_components.span, { className: "code-line", children: "\n" }), _jsx(_components.span, { className: "code-line", children: "\n" }), _jsxs(_components.span, { className: "code-line", children: [_jsx(_components.span, { className: "token keyword", children: "int" }), " ", _jsx(_components.span, { className: "token function", children: "main" }), _jsx(_components.span, { className: "token punctuation", children: "(" }), _jsx(_components.span, { className: "token keyword", children: "void" }), _jsx(_components.span, { className: "token punctuation", children: ")" }), " ", _jsx(_components.span, { className: "token punctuation", children: "{" }), "\n"] }), _jsxs(_components.span, { className: "code-line", children: [" ", _jsx(_components.span, { className: "token function", children: "printf" }), _jsx(_components.span, { className: "token punctuation", children: "(" }), _jsx(_components.span, { className: "token string", children: "\"%d\"" }), _jsx(_components.span, { className: "token punctuation", children: "," }), " a", _jsx(_components.span, { className: "token punctuation", children: "." }), "age", _jsx(_components.span, { className: "token punctuation", children: ")" }), _jsx(_components.span, { className: "token punctuation", children: ";" }), "\n"] }), _jsxs(_components.span, { className: "code-line", children: [_jsx(_components.span, { className: "token punctuation", children: "}" }), "\n"] })] }) }), "\n", _jsxs(_components.p, { children: ["这表示直接声明 ", _jsx(_components.code, { className: "language-auto", children: "a" }), " 是一个 ", _jsx(_components.code, { className: "language-auto", children: "person" }), " 结构体变量，也可以声明很多个。其本质都是这样一句 ", _jsx(_components.code, { className: "language-auto", children: "struct person a, *b,c[3],xxx,...;" })] }), "\n", _jsx(_components.p, { children: "比如:" }), "\n", _jsx(_components.pre, { className: "language-c", children: _jsxs(_components.code, { className: "language-c code-highlight", children: [_jsxs(_components.span, { className: "code-line", children: [_jsxs(_components.span, { className: "token macro property", children: [_jsx(_components.span, { className: "token directive-hash", children: "#" }), _jsx(_components.span, { className: "token directive keyword", children: "include" }), " ", _jsx(_components.span, { className: "token string", children: "" })] }), "\n"] }), _jsx(_components.span, { className: "code-line", children: "\n" }), _jsxs(_components.span, { className: "code-line", children: [_jsx(_components.span, { className: "token keyword", children: "struct" }), " ", _jsx(_components.span, { className: "token class-name", children: "person" }), " ", _jsx(_components.span, { className: "token punctuation", children: "{" }), "\n"] }), _jsxs(_components.span, { className: "code-line", children: [" ", _jsx(_components.span, { className: "token keyword", children: "int" }), " age", _jsx(_components.span, { className: "token punctuation", children: ";" }), "\n"] }), _jsxs(_components.span, { className: "code-line", children: [" ", _jsx(_components.span, { className: "token keyword", children: "char" }), _jsx(_components.span, { className: "token operator", children: "*" }), " name", _jsx(_components.span, { className: "token punctuation", children: ";" }), "\n"] }), _jsxs(_components.span, { className: "code-line", children: [_jsx(_components.span, { className: "token punctuation", children: "}" }), " school", _jsx(_components.span, { className: "token punctuation", children: "[" }), _jsx(_components.span, { className: "token number", children: "20" }), _jsx(_components.span, { className: "token punctuation", children: "]" }), _jsx(_components.span, { className: "token punctuation", children: "," }), " girl", _jsx(_components.span, { className: "token punctuation", children: "," }), " ", _jsx(_components.span, { className: "token operator", children: "*" }), "p", _jsx(_components.span, { className: "token punctuation", children: ";" }), "\n"] }), _jsx(_components.span, { className: "code-line", children: "\n" }), _jsx(_components.span, { className: "code-line", children: "\n" }), _jsxs(_components.span, { className: "code-line", children: [_jsx(_components.span, { className: "token keyword", children: "int" }), " ", _jsx(_components.span, { className: "token function", children: "main" }), _jsx(_components.span, { className: "token punctuation", children: "(" }), _jsx(_components.span, { className: "token keyword", children: "void" }), _jsx(_components.span, { className: "token punctuation", children: ")" }), " ", _jsx(_components.span, { className: "token punctuation", children: "{" }), "\n"] }), _jsxs(_components.span, { className: "code-line", children: [" school", _jsx(_components.span, { className: "token punctuation", children: "[" }), _jsx(_components.span, { className: "token number", children: "0" }), _jsx(_components.span, { className: "token punctuation", children: "]" }), _jsx(_components.span, { className: "token punctuation", children: "." }), "name ", _jsx(_components.span, { className: "token operator", children: "=" }), " ", _jsx(_components.span, { className: "token string", children: "\"小明\"" }), _jsx(_components.span, { className: "token punctuation", children: ";" }), "\n"] }), _jsxs(_components.span, { className: "code-line", children: [" girl", _jsx(_components.span, { className: "token punctuation", children: "." }), "age ", _jsx(_components.span, { className: "token operator", children: "=" }), " ", _jsx(_components.span, { className: "token number", children: "12" }), _jsx(_components.span, { className: "token punctuation", children: ";" }), "\n"] }), _jsxs(_components.span, { className: "code-line", children: [" girl", _jsx(_components.span, { className: "token punctuation", children: "." }), "name ", _jsx(_components.span, { className: "token operator", children: "=" }), " ", _jsx(_components.span, { className: "token string", children: "\"小吕孩\"" }), _jsx(_components.span, { className: "token punctuation", children: ";" }), "\n"] }), _jsxs(_components.span, { className: "code-line", children: [" p ", _jsx(_components.span, { className: "token operator", children: "=" }), " ", _jsx(_components.span, { className: "token operator", children: "&" }), "girl", _jsx(_components.span, { className: "token punctuation", children: ";" }), "\n"] }), _jsxs(_components.span, { className: "code-line", children: [" ", _jsx(_components.span, { className: "token function", children: "printf" }), _jsx(_components.span, { className: "token punctuation", children: "(" }), _jsx(_components.span, { className: "token string", children: "\"%s\\n\"" }), _jsx(_components.span, { className: "token punctuation", children: "," }), "school", _jsx(_components.span, { className: "token punctuation", children: "[" }), _jsx(_components.span, { className: "token number", children: "0" }), _jsx(_components.span, { className: "token punctuation", children: "]" }), _jsx(_components.span, { className: "token punctuation", children: "." }), "name", _jsx(_components.span, { className: "token punctuation", children: ")" }), _jsx(_components.span, { className: "token punctuation", children: ";" }), " ", _jsx(_components.span, { className: "token comment", children: "// 小孩" }), "\n"] }), _jsxs(_components.span, { className: "code-line", children: [" ", _jsx(_components.span, { className: "token function", children: "printf" }), _jsx(_components.span, { className: "token punctuation", children: "(" }), _jsx(_components.span, { className: "token string", children: "\"%s\\n\"" }), _jsx(_components.span, { className: "token punctuation", children: "," }), " girl", _jsx(_components.span, { className: "token punctuation", children: "." }), "name", _jsx(_components.span, { className: "token punctuation", children: ")" }), _jsx(_components.span, { className: "token punctuation", children: ";" }), " ", _jsx(_components.span, { className: "token comment", children: "// 小吕孩" }), "\n"] }), _jsxs(_components.span, { className: "code-line", children: [" p", _jsx(_components.span, { className: "token operator", children: "->" }), "name ", _jsx(_components.span, { className: "token operator", children: "=" }), " ", _jsx(_components.span, { className: "token string", children: "\"小孩\"" }), _jsx(_components.span, { className: "token punctuation", children: ";" }), "\n"] }), _jsxs(_components.span, { className: "code-line", children: [" ", _jsx(_components.span, { className: "token function", children: "printf" }), _jsx(_components.span, { className: "token punctuation", children: "(" }), _jsx(_components.span, { className: "token string", children: "\"%s\\n\"" }), _jsx(_components.span, { className: "token punctuation", children: "," }), " p", _jsx(_components.span, { className: "token operator", children: "->" }), "name", _jsx(_components.span, { className: "token punctuation", children: ")" }), _jsx(_components.span, { className: "token punctuation", children: ";" }), " ", _jsx(_components.span, { className: "token comment", children: "// 小孩" }), "\n"] }), _jsxs(_components.span, { className: "code-line", children: [" ", _jsx(_components.span, { className: "token function", children: "printf" }), _jsx(_components.span, { className: "token punctuation", children: "(" }), _jsx(_components.span, { className: "token string", children: "\"%s\\n\"" }), _jsx(_components.span, { className: "token punctuation", children: "," }), " girl", _jsx(_components.span, { className: "token punctuation", children: "." }), "name", _jsx(_components.span, { className: "token punctuation", children: ")" }), _jsx(_components.span, { className: "token punctuation", children: ";" }), " ", _jsx(_components.span, { className: "token comment", children: "// 小孩" }), "\n"] }), _jsxs(_components.span, { className: "code-line", children: [_jsx(_components.span, { className: "token punctuation", children: "}" }), "\n"] })] }) }), "\n", _jsx(_components.p, { children: "如果想在定义结构体的时候初始化结构体内部的属性：" }), "\n", _jsx(_components.pre, { className: "language-c", children: _jsxs(_components.code, { className: "language-c code-highlight", children: [_jsxs(_components.span, { className: "code-line", children: [_jsxs(_components.span, { className: "token macro property", children: [_jsx(_components.span, { className: "token directive-hash", children: "#" }), _jsx(_components.span, { className: "token directive keyword", children: "include" }), " ", _jsx(_components.span, { className: "token string", children: "" })] }), "\n"] }), _jsx(_components.span, { className: "code-line", children: "\n" }), _jsxs(_components.span, { className: "code-line", children: [_jsx(_components.span, { className: "token keyword", children: "struct" }), " ", _jsx(_components.span, { className: "token class-name", children: "person" }), " ", _jsx(_components.span, { className: "token punctuation", children: "{" }), "\n"] }), _jsxs(_components.span, { className: "code-line", children: [" ", _jsx(_components.span, { className: "token keyword", children: "int" }), " age", _jsx(_components.span, { className: "token punctuation", children: ";" }), "\n"] }), _jsxs(_components.span, { className: "code-line", children: [" ", _jsx(_components.span, { className: "token keyword", children: "char" }), _jsx(_components.span, { className: "token operator", children: "*" }), " name", _jsx(_components.span, { className: "token punctuation", children: ";" }), "\n"] }), _jsxs(_components.span, { className: "code-line", children: [_jsx(_components.span, { className: "token punctuation", children: "}" }), _jsx(_components.span, { className: "token punctuation", children: ";" }), "\n"] }), _jsx(_components.span, { className: "code-line", children: "\n" }), _jsxs(_components.span, { className: "code-line", children: [_jsx(_components.span, { className: "token keyword", children: "int" }), " ", _jsx(_components.span, { className: "token function", children: "main" }), _jsx(_components.span, { className: "token punctuation", children: "(" }), _jsx(_components.span, { className: "token keyword", children: "void" }), _jsx(_components.span, { className: "token punctuation", children: ")" }), " ", _jsx(_components.span, { className: "token punctuation", children: "{" }), "\n"] }), _jsxs(_components.span, { className: "code-line", children: [" ", _jsx(_components.span, { className: "token keyword", children: "struct" }), " ", _jsx(_components.span, { className: "token class-name", children: "person" }), " xm ", _jsx(_components.span, { className: "token operator", children: "=" }), " ", _jsx(_components.span, { className: "token punctuation", children: "{" }), "\n"] }), _jsxs(_components.span, { className: "code-line", children: [" ", _jsx(_components.span, { className: "token number", children: "23" }), _jsx(_components.span, { className: "token punctuation", children: "," }), "\n"] }), _jsxs(_components.span, { className: "code-line", children: [" ", _jsx(_components.span, { className: "token string", children: "\"小明\"" }), "\n"] }), _jsxs(_components.span, { className: "code-line", children: [" ", _jsx(_components.span, { className: "token punctuation", children: "}" }), _jsx(_components.span, { className: "token punctuation", children: ";" }), "\n"] }), _jsxs(_components.span, { className: "code-line", children: [" ", _jsx(_components.span, { className: "token function", children: "printf" }), _jsx(_components.span, { className: "token punctuation", children: "(" }), _jsx(_components.span, { className: "token string", children: "\"年龄：%d，姓名：%s\\n\"" }), _jsx(_components.span, { className: "token punctuation", children: "," }), " xm", _jsx(_components.span, { className: "token punctuation", children: "." }), "age", _jsx(_components.span, { className: "token punctuation", children: "," }), " xm", _jsx(_components.span, { className: "token punctuation", children: "." }), "name", _jsx(_components.span, { className: "token punctuation", children: ")" }), _jsx(_components.span, { className: "token punctuation", children: ";" }), " ", _jsx(_components.span, { className: "token comment", children: "// 年龄：23，姓名：小明" }), "\n"] }), _jsxs(_components.span, { className: "code-line", children: [_jsx(_components.span, { className: "token punctuation", children: "}" }), "\n"] })] }) }), "\n", _jsxs(_components.p, { children: ["也可以用点符号 ", _jsx(_components.code, { className: "language-auto", children: "." }), " 来修改结构体中的属性值，就像你平时操作对象那样。"] }), "\n", _jsxs(_components.blockquote, { children: ["\n", _jsxs(_components.p, { children: ["结构体是", _jsx(_components.strong, { children: "复制传递" }), "的，这一点很重要。当然，你可以用一个指针指向结构体，这样就避免了复制。"] }), "\n"] }), "\n", _jsxs(_components.p, { children: ["我们可以使用 ", _jsx(_components.code, { className: "language-auto", children: "typedef" }), " 来简化结构体的代码："] }), "\n", _jsx(_components.pre, { className: "language-c", children: _jsxs(_components.code, { className: "language-c code-highlight", children: [_jsxs(_components.span, { className: "code-line", children: [_jsxs(_components.span, { className: "token macro property", children: [_jsx(_components.span, { className: "token directive-hash", children: "#" }), _jsx(_components.span, { className: "token directive keyword", children: "include" }), " ", _jsx(_components.span, { className: "token string", children: "" })] }), "\n"] }), _jsx(_components.span, { className: "code-line", children: "\n" }), _jsxs(_components.span, { className: "code-line", children: [_jsx(_components.span, { className: "token keyword", children: "struct" }), " ", _jsx(_components.span, { className: "token class-name", children: "person" }), " ", _jsx(_components.span, { className: "token punctuation", children: "{" }), "\n"] }), _jsxs(_components.span, { className: "code-line", children: [" ", _jsx(_components.span, { className: "token keyword", children: "int" }), " age", _jsx(_components.span, { className: "token punctuation", children: ";" }), "\n"] }), _jsxs(_components.span, { className: "code-line", children: [" ", _jsx(_components.span, { className: "token keyword", children: "char" }), _jsx(_components.span, { className: "token operator", children: "*" }), " name", _jsx(_components.span, { className: "token punctuation", children: ";" }), "\n"] }), _jsxs(_components.span, { className: "code-line", children: [_jsx(_components.span, { className: "token punctuation", children: "}" }), _jsx(_components.span, { className: "token punctuation", children: ";" }), "\n"] }), _jsx(_components.span, { className: "code-line", children: "\n" }), _jsxs(_components.span, { className: "code-line", children: [_jsx(_components.span, { className: "token keyword", children: "typedef" }), " ", _jsx(_components.span, { className: "token keyword", children: "struct" }), " ", _jsx(_components.span, { className: "token class-name", children: "Person" }), " ", _jsx(_components.span, { className: "token punctuation", children: "{" }), "\n"] }), _jsxs(_components.span, { className: "code-line", children: [" ", _jsx(_components.span, { className: "token keyword", children: "int" }), " age", _jsx(_components.span, { className: "token punctuation", children: ";" }), "\n"] }), _jsxs(_components.span, { className: "code-line", children: [" ", _jsx(_components.span, { className: "token keyword", children: "char" }), _jsx(_components.span, { className: "token operator", children: "*" }), " name", _jsx(_components.span, { className: "token punctuation", children: ";" }), "\n"] }), _jsxs(_components.span, { className: "code-line", children: [_jsx(_components.span, { className: "token punctuation", children: "}" }), " PERSON", _jsx(_components.span, { className: "token punctuation", children: ";" }), "\n"] }), _jsx(_components.span, { className: "code-line", children: "\n" }), _jsxs(_components.span, { className: "code-line", children: [_jsx(_components.span, { className: "token keyword", children: "int" }), " ", _jsx(_components.span, { className: "token function", children: "main" }), _jsx(_components.span, { className: "token punctuation", children: "(" }), _jsx(_components.span, { className: "token keyword", children: "void" }), _jsx(_components.span, { className: "token punctuation", children: ")" }), " ", _jsx(_components.span, { className: "token punctuation", children: "{" }), "\n"] }), _jsxs(_components.span, { className: "code-line", children: [" ", _jsx(_components.span, { className: "token keyword", children: "struct" }), " ", _jsx(_components.span, { className: "token class-name", children: "person" }), " xm ", _jsx(_components.span, { className: "token operator", children: "=" }), " ", _jsx(_components.span, { className: "token punctuation", children: "{" }), "\n"] }), _jsxs(_components.span, { className: "code-line", children: [" ", _jsx(_components.span, { className: "token number", children: "23" }), _jsx(_components.span, { className: "token punctuation", children: "," }), "\n"] }), _jsxs(_components.span, { className: "code-line", children: [" ", _jsx(_components.span, { className: "token string", children: "\"小明\"" }), "\n"] }), _jsxs(_components.span, { className: "code-line", children: [" ", _jsx(_components.span, { className: "token punctuation", children: "}" }), _jsx(_components.span, { className: "token punctuation", children: ";" }), "\n"] }), _jsxs(_components.span, { className: "code-line", children: [" PERSON xh ", _jsx(_components.span, { className: "token operator", children: "=" }), " ", _jsx(_components.span, { className: "token punctuation", children: "{" }), "\n"] }), _jsxs(_components.span, { className: "code-line", children: [" ", _jsx(_components.span, { className: "token number", children: "12" }), _jsx(_components.span, { className: "token punctuation", children: "," }), "\n"] }), _jsxs(_components.span, { className: "code-line", children: [" ", _jsx(_components.span, { className: "token string", children: "\"小红\"" }), "\n"] }), _jsxs(_components.span, { className: "code-line", children: [" ", _jsx(_components.span, { className: "token punctuation", children: "}" }), _jsx(_components.span, { className: "token punctuation", children: ";" }), "\n"] }), _jsxs(_components.span, { className: "code-line", children: [" ", _jsx(_components.span, { className: "token function", children: "printf" }), _jsx(_components.span, { className: "token punctuation", children: "(" }), _jsx(_components.span, { className: "token string", children: "\"年龄：%d，姓名：%s\\n\"" }), _jsx(_components.span, { className: "token punctuation", children: "," }), " xm", _jsx(_components.span, { className: "token punctuation", children: "." }), "age", _jsx(_components.span, { className: "token punctuation", children: "," }), " xm", _jsx(_components.span, { className: "token punctuation", children: "." }), "name", _jsx(_components.span, { className: "token punctuation", children: ")" }), _jsx(_components.span, { className: "token punctuation", children: ";" }), " ", _jsx(_components.span, { className: "token comment", children: "// 年龄：23，姓名：小明" }), "\n"] }), _jsxs(_components.span, { className: "code-line", children: [" ", _jsx(_components.span, { className: "token function", children: "printf" }), _jsx(_components.span, { className: "token punctuation", children: "(" }), _jsx(_components.span, { className: "token string", children: "\"年龄：%d，姓名：%s\\n\"" }), _jsx(_components.span, { className: "token punctuation", children: "," }), " xh", _jsx(_components.span, { className: "token punctuation", children: "." }), "age", _jsx(_components.span, { className: "token punctuation", children: "," }), " xh", _jsx(_components.span, { className: "token punctuation", children: "." }), "name", _jsx(_components.span, { className: "token punctuation", children: ")" }), _jsx(_components.span, { className: "token punctuation", children: ";" }), " ", _jsx(_components.span, { className: "token comment", children: "// 年龄：12，姓名：小红" }), "\n"] }), _jsxs(_components.span, { className: "code-line", children: [_jsx(_components.span, { className: "token punctuation", children: "}" }), "\n"] })] }) }), "\n", _jsx(_components.p, { children: "我把两者放在一起，方便对比。" }), "\n", _jsxs(_components.blockquote, { children: ["\n", _jsx(_components.p, { children: "我仅仅复习到这里，对于数据结构来说应该是完全够用了，总共花费我两个半小时，比我预计的要少很多。又可以快乐数据结构了😋。" }), "\n"] }), "\n", _jsxs(_components.h2, { id: "18-命令行参数", children: [_jsx(_components.a, { className: "heading-link", href: "#18-命令行参数", children: _jsx(_components.svg, { xmlns: "http:www.w3.org/2000/svg", fill: "#ab2b65", viewBox: "0 0 20 20", className: "w-5 h-5", children: _jsx(_components.path, { fillRule: "evenodd", clipRule: "evenodd", d: "M9.493 2.853a.75.75 0 00-1.486-.205L7.545 6H4.198a.75.75 0 000 1.5h3.14l-.69 5H3.302a.75.75 0 000 1.5h3.14l-.435 3.148a.75.75 0 001.486.205L7.955 14h2.986l-.434 3.148a.75.75 0 001.486.205L12.456 14h3.346a.75.75 0 000-1.5h-3.14l.69-5h3.346a.75.75 0 000-1.5h-3.14l.435-3.147a.75.75 0 00-1.486-.205L12.045 6H9.059l.434-3.147zM8.852 7.5l-.69 5h2.986l.69-5H8.852z" }) }) }), "18. 命令行参数"] }), "\n", _jsxs(_components.h2, { id: "19-头文件", children: [_jsx(_components.a, { className: "heading-link", href: "#19-头文件", children: _jsx(_components.svg, { xmlns: "http:www.w3.org/2000/svg", fill: "#ab2b65", viewBox: "0 0 20 20", className: "w-5 h-5", children: _jsx(_components.path, { fillRule: "evenodd", clipRule: "evenodd", d: "M9.493 2.853a.75.75 0 00-1.486-.205L7.545 6H4.198a.75.75 0 000 1.5h3.14l-.69 5H3.302a.75.75 0 000 1.5h3.14l-.435 3.148a.75.75 0 001.486.205L7.955 14h2.986l-.434 3.148a.75.75 0 001.486.205L12.456 14h3.346a.75.75 0 000-1.5h-3.14l.69-5h3.346a.75.75 0 000-1.5h-3.14l.435-3.147a.75.75 0 00-1.486-.205L12.045 6H9.059l.434-3.147zM8.852 7.5l-.69 5h2.986l.69-5H8.852z" }) }) }), "19. 头文件"] }), "\n", _jsxs(_components.h2, { id: "20-预处理器", children: [_jsx(_components.a, { className: "heading-link", href: "#20-预处理器", children: _jsx(_components.svg, { xmlns: "http:www.w3.org/2000/svg", fill: "#ab2b65", viewBox: "0 0 20 20", className: "w-5 h-5", children: _jsx(_components.path, { fillRule: "evenodd", clipRule: "evenodd", d: "M9.493 2.853a.75.75 0 00-1.486-.205L7.545 6H4.198a.75.75 0 000 1.5h3.14l-.69 5H3.302a.75.75 0 000 1.5h3.14l-.435 3.148a.75.75 0 001.486.205L7.955 14h2.986l-.434 3.148a.75.75 0 001.486.205L12.456 14h3.346a.75.75 0 000-1.5h-3.14l.69-5h3.346a.75.75 0 000-1.5h-3.14l.435-3.147a.75.75 0 00-1.486-.205L12.045 6H9.059l.434-3.147zM8.852 7.5l-.69 5h2.986l.69-5H8.852z" }) }) }), "20. 预处理器"] }), "\n", _jsxs(_components.h2, { id: "21-结语", children: [_jsx(_components.a, { className: "heading-link", href: "#21-结语", children: _jsx(_components.svg, { xmlns: "http:www.w3.org/2000/svg", fill: "#ab2b65", viewBox: "0 0 20 20", className: "w-5 h-5", children: _jsx(_components.path, { fillRule: "evenodd", clipRule: "evenodd", d: "M9.493 2.853a.75.75 0 00-1.486-.205L7.545 6H4.198a.75.75 0 000 1.5h3.14l-.69 5H3.302a.75.75 0 000 1.5h3.14l-.435 3.148a.75.75 0 001.486.205L7.955 14h2.986l-.434 3.148a.75.75 0 001.486.205L12.456 14h3.346a.75.75 0 000-1.5h-3.14l.69-5h3.346a.75.75 0 000-1.5h-3.14l.435-3.147a.75.75 0 00-1.486-.205L12.045 6H9.059l.434-3.147zM8.852 7.5l-.69 5h2.986l.69-5H8.852z" }) }) }), "21. 结语"] })] }); } function MDXContent(props = {}) { const {wrapper: MDXLayout} = { ..._provideComponents(), ...props.components }; return MDXLayout ? _jsx(MDXLayout, { ...props, children: _jsx(_createMdxContent, { ...props }) }) : _createMdxContent(props); } return { default: MDXContent };